初中生数字健康素养量表编制及信效度检验

Formulation and Reliability and Validity Test of the Digital Health Literacy Scale for Junior High School Students

摘要: 为解决初中生数字健康素养专用测评工具的研究空缺，本研究基于健康行为理论与“知信行”理论，参考成熟量表构建含知识性、功能性、信念性、行为性4个维度的量表框架。经两轮德尔菲法专家咨询(专家权威系数0.805)，最终确定20个条目。以239名初中生为样本进行信效度检验，结果显示：总量表及各维度Cronbach’s α系数均≥0.932，折半信度 ≥ 0.719；探索性因子分析提取4个公因子，累计方差解释率87.818%，验证性因子分析模型适配度良好(CMIN/DF = 1.432, RMSEA = 0.043)，聚敛效度与区别效度达标。该量表贴合初中生生活场景，信效度良好，可为青少年数字健康素养评估与干预提供科学工具。

Abstract: To address the research gap in specific assessment tools for digital health literacy among junior high school students, this study constructed a scale framework consisting of four dimensions—Cognitive, Functional, Belief-based, and Behavioral—based on health behavior theories and the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) model, with reference to well-established scales. After two rounds of Delphi expert consultation (the expert authority coefficient was 0.805), a final set of 20 items was determined. The reliability and validity of the scale were tested on a sample of 239 junior high school students. The results showed that the Cronbach’s α coefficients of the total scale and each dimension were all ≥0.932, and the split-half reliability coefficients were ≥0.719. Exploratory factor analysis extracted four common factors, with a cumulative variance explanation rate of 87.818%. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit (CMIN/DF = 1.432, RMSEA = 0.043), and both convergent validity and discriminant validity met the acceptable criteria. This scale is closely aligned with the daily life scenarios of junior high school students and has good reliability and validity, which can serve as a scientific tool for the assessment and intervention of adolescents’ digital health literacy.