功能对等理论下中国古诗词颜色词英译策略——以青、白、红颜色词为例

Translation Strategies for Color Words in Ancient Chinese Poems under the Theory of Functional Equivalence—A Case Study of Qing, Bai and Hong in Chinese Characters

摘要: 颜色词是中国古诗词中常见的文化元素，其种类繁多、内涵丰富。准确翻译古诗词文化词的含义，是传递诗词文化内涵的关键所在。本文基于功能对等理论，选取古诗词中青、白、红三个颜色词进行分析，针对其含义可表示颜色意义本身、多种颜色意义、指代文化意义不同情况，提出直译、对等译和意译三种策略，通过灵活运用不同策略，实现诗词原文与译文在语义和文化功能层面的双重对等，译文得以再现古诗词的文化内涵，从而实现有效的跨文化交流。

Abstract: Color words are common cultural elements in ancient Chinese poems, with a wide variety and rich connotations. Accurately translating the meanings of these cultural terms in ancient poetry is crucial for conveying the cultural connotations of the poetry. Based on the functional equivalence theory, the study selects the three color words “qing”, “bai”, and “hong” in Chinese characters from ancient poems for analysis. In view of the different situations where their meanings can represent the color itself, multiple colors, or cultural meanings, three strategies are proposed: direct translation, equivalent translation, and free translation. The semantic and cultural functional equivalence between the original and the translation can be achieved through these methods. The translation can reproduce the cultural meanings of ancient poems and realize cross-cultural communication.