环巢湖九联圩多塘湿地尾水组合处理工艺及净化效果研究

Study on the Integrated Treatment Process and Purification Effect of Effluent from WWTP by the Jiulianwei Multi-Ponds Wetland of Around Chaohu Lake

摘要: 在“引江济淮”工程的指导下，为削减入巢湖氮磷污染负荷，本文设计由鱼塘改造成的前端稳定塘 + 曝气塘 + 好氧塘 + 厌氧塘 + 沉水植物塘 + 表流湿地的多塘湿地尾水处理工艺形成九联圩多塘湿地尾水生态净化系统，利用该系统对主要包含合肥经济开发区污水处理厂尾水的丙子河河水进行净化。运行一段时间后，总体上来说，湿地进水COD_Cr、硝态氮、氨氮、总氮和总磷的浓度削减分别达14.3%、42.4%、70.1%、46.3%、35.7%，总量削减分别达157.68 t∙a⁻¹、280.67 t∙a⁻¹、31.38 t∙a⁻¹、354.78 t∙a⁻¹和7.88 t∙a⁻¹，但出水叶绿素a相比进水增长了75.0%。对九联圩多塘湿地内各处理单元分别于正常工况和非正常工况(暴雨)下对尾水的处理效果进行分析，发现曝气塘、好氧塘和表流湿地对尾水的综合处理效果最好，沉水植物塘的暴雨抗冲击负荷能力最差。以上研究结果将为后续多塘湿地尾水处理技术提供一定的参考。

Abstract: Under the guidance of the “Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion” project and in order to reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load into Chaohu Lake, this article designs a multi pond wetland tailwater treatment process that transforms fish ponds into front-end stabilization ponds, aeration ponds, aerobic ponds, anaerobic ponds, submerged plant ponds, and surface flow wetlands to form a Jiulianwei multi pond wetland tailwater ecological purification system. This system is used to purify the water of the Bingzi River, which mainly includes the tailwater from the sewage treatment plant in Hefei Economic Development Zone. After running for a period of time, overall, the concentrations of COD_Cr, BOD₅, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the influent were reduced by 14.3%, 12.5%, 42.4%, 70.1%, 46.3%, and 35.7%, respectively, with a total reduction of 157.68 t∙a⁻¹、47.30 t∙a⁻¹、280.67 t∙a⁻¹、31.38 t∙a⁻¹、354.78 t∙a⁻¹ and 7.88 t∙a⁻¹, but the chlorophyll a in the effluent increased by 75.0% compared to the influent. An analysis was conducted on the treatment effects of each treatment unit in the Jiulianwei multi-ponds wetland on tailwater under normal and abnormal conditions. It was found that aeration ponds, aerobic ponds, and surface flow wetlands had the best comprehensive treatment effects on tailwater, while submerged plant ponds had the worst resistance to impact loads. The above research results will provide some reference for us to transform fish ponds into multi pond wetlands in the future.