中国桃金娘灌丛植被地理分布及其斑块特征

Geographical Distribution and Patch Characteristics of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Shrubs in China

摘要: 桃金娘因其喜温暖湿润气候的生态特征，极其容易在被破坏的原生植被中迅速形成优势灌丛，在生态恢复实践中发挥了不可忽视的作用。本研究基于科学出版社2001年出版的《中国植被图集(1:1,000,000)》获取的桃金娘灌丛植被原始数据，利用ArcGIS 10.8.2软件将其转化为图斑数据，并绘制出桃金娘灌丛植被的空间分布图，分析桃金娘灌丛植被的空间分布格局。然后，结合斑块特征和形状指数分析方法，对桃金娘灌丛植被的斑块形状及空间特征进行分析。结果表明：桃金娘灌丛植被总面积为40986.68 km²，总斑块数为464个，其中广东省分布范围最广，占全国总面积的64.12%。通过对桃金娘灌丛植被的地理分布、斑块特征和形状指数分析，桃金娘灌丛以小斑块分布为主，各植被类型的斑块面积差异显著。此外，桃金娘灌丛斑块总体上呈不规则形状，植被的景观异质性较大。

Abstract: Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, due to its ecological preference for warm and humid climates, readily establishes dominant shrub communities within degraded native vegetation, playing a significant role in ecological restoration practices. This study utilized original vegetation data of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa shrubs obtained from the Vegetation Atlas of China (1:1,000,000) published by Science Press in 2001. Employing ArcGIS 10.8.2 software, this data was converted into polygon data, enabling the creation of a spatial distribution map for Rhodomyrtus tomentosa shrubs. The spatial distribution patterns of this vegetation type were subsequently analysed. The results show that the total area of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa shrubs is 40,986.68 km², comprising 464 patches. Guangdong Province has the most extensive distribution, accounting for 91.54% of the total national area. Analysis of the geographical distribution, patch characteristics, and shape indices of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa shrubs revealed that it predominantly occurs in small patches, with significant differences in patch area among vegetation types. Furthermore, the patches generally exhibit irregular shapes, indicating considerable landscape heterogeneity within the vegetation.