家庭支持双重缺位与农村青少年网络成瘾：基于补偿性网络使用理论的质性研究

Dual Absence of Family Support and Internet Addiction among Rural Adolescents: A Qualitative Study Based on the Compensatory Internet Use Theory

摘要: 互联网普及背景下，农村青少年网络成瘾问题凸显其家庭支持系统的结构性矛盾。基于补偿性网络使用理论，本研究通过深度访谈法对云南省S村10组网络成瘾青少年家庭进行追踪调查，探讨家庭情感与工具支持双重缺位如何驱动青少年形成补偿性网络使用行为，并揭示其自我强化的作用路径。研究发现：家庭支持的双重缺位是农村青少年网络成瘾的根本诱因，弥补未被满足的心理需求是其主要动机，补偿性网络使用从“建设性补偿”到“过度补偿”的演变是其成瘾路径，且网络成瘾还会反作用于家庭支持系统，构成“缺位–补偿–恶化”的闭环机制。这一发现为理解农村青少年网络成瘾提供了新的视角，并为干预实践提供了启示。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of widespread internet penetration, the issue of internet addiction among rural adolescents has highlighted the structural contradictions within their family support systems. Based on the Compensatory Internet Use Theory, this study employed in-depth interview methods to conduct a longitudinal investigation of 10 families with internet-addicted adolescents in Village S, Yunnan Province. It explored how the dual absence of emotional and instrumental family support drives adolescents to engage in compensatory internet use and revealed the self-reinforcing pathways of this behavior. The findings indicate that the dual absence of family support is the root cause of internet addiction among rural adolescents, with the primary motivation being the fulfillment of unmet psychological needs. The progression from “constructive compensation” to “pathological compensation” in compensatory internet use represents the addiction trajectory. Moreover, internet addiction can, in turn, negatively impact the family support system, forming a closed-loop mechanism of “absence-compensation-deterioration”. This study provides a new perspective for understanding internet addiction among rural adolescents and offers insights for intervention practices.