城市绿色基础设施对街道峡谷污染物扩散的影响
Impacts of Urban Green Infrastructure on Pollutant Dispersion in Street Canyons
摘要: 在城市街道峡谷中，建筑与道路围合的空间形态会改变局地风场与污染物扩散。植被作为重要环境要素，既可通过拦截沉降等过程促进颗粒物去除，也可能因增加阻力削弱通风交换，从而影响污染物分布与暴露水平。本文梳理植被对街道峡谷污染扩散与清除效应的研究进展，重点讨论树种差异、布局模式与风速变化的作用机理，并分析绿色屏障及树木排列产生的结构性影响。研究表明，植被效应具有明显情境依赖性，树木间距、冠层郁闭度与叶面积指数等为关键参数，应结合城市形态与气象条件优化绿色基础设施配置。
Abstract: In urban street canyons, the enclosed geometry formed by buildings and roadways alters the local wind field and pollutant dispersion. As a key component of the street environment, vegetation can promote particulate removal through interception and deposition, yet it may also impede ventilation by increasing aerodynamic resistance, thereby reshaping pollutant distributions and human exposure. This study reviews recent progress on vegetation-induced effects on pollutant dispersion and removal in street canyons, with emphasis on the underlying mechanisms associated with species-specific traits, spatial configuration, and variations in wind speed. Particular attention is given to the structural impacts of green barriers and tree arrangement on flow organization and dispersion processes. The evidence indicates that vegetation effects are strongly context-dependent; tree spacing, canopy closure, and leaf area index are identified as critical parameters. Accordingly, green infrastructure should be optimized in conjunction with urban morphology and meteorological conditions.
文章引用：杨洋, 赵磊, 李发光, 王大为, 谢廷涛. 城市绿色基础设施对街道峡谷污染物扩散的影响[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2026, 16(2): 126-133. https://doi.org/10.12677/aep.2026.162014

参考文献

[1] Pu, Y. and Yang, C. (2014) Estimating Urban Roadside Emissions with an Atmospheric Dispersion Model Based on In-Field Measurements. Environmental Pollution, 192, 300-307. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Huang, Y., He, W. and Kim, C. (2014) Impacts of Shape and Height of Upstream Roof on Airflow and Pollutant Dispersion Inside an Urban Street Canyon. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22, 2117-2137. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Chen, R., Pan, G., Zhang, Y., Xu, Q., Zeng, G., Xu, X., et al. (2011) Ambient Carbon Monoxide and Daily Mortality in Three Chinese Cities: The China Air Pollution and Health Effects Study (CAPES). Science of the Total Environment, 409, 4923-4928. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Soulhac, L., Salizzoni, P., Cierco, F.-X. and Perkins, R. (2011) The Model SIRANE for Atmospheric Urban Pollutant Dispersion; Part I, Presentation of the Model. Atmospheric Environment, 45, 7379-7395. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[5] Leiva G, M.A., Santibañez, D.A., Ibarra E, S., Matus C, P. and Seguel, R. (2013) A Five-Year Study of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Environmental Pollution, 181, 1-6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] 张莹, 宁贵财, 康延臻, 尚子微, 王式功, 李旭, 王昀. 北京市大气污染物与呼吸系统疾病入院人数的时间序列[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 51(1): 87-92.
[7] Gallagher, J. and Lago, C. (2019) How Parked Cars Affect Pollutant Dispersion at Street Level in an Urban Street Canyon? A CFD Modelling Exercise Assessing Geometrical Detailing and Pollutant Decay Rates. Science of the Total Environment, 651, 2410-2418. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Oke, T.R. (1988) Street Design and Urban Canopy Layer Climate. Energy and Buildings, 11, 103-113. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[9] 刘稳. 城市街道大气污染物时空分布扩散规律及规划应对研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2022.
[10] Kastner-Klein, P. and Plate, E.J. (1999) Wind-Tunnel Study of Concentration Fields in Street Canyons. Atmospheric Environment, 33, 3973-3979. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[11] Xu, W.J., Yu, Z., Cai, M. and Liu, Y.H. (2010) Numerical Modeling of Pollutant Dispersion from Different Lanes in Urban Street Canyons. Research of Environmental Researches, 23, 1007-1012. (In Chinese)
[12] Yuan, C., Ng, E. and Norford, L.K. (2014) Improving Air Quality in High-Density Cities by Understanding the Relationship between Air Pollutant Dispersion and Urban Morphologies. Building and Environment, 71, 245-258. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Janhäll, S. (2015) Review on Urban Vegetation and Particle Air Pollution—Deposition and Dispersion. Atmospheric Environment, 105, 130-137. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[14] Gromke, C., Jamarkattel, N. and Ruck, B. (2016) Influence of Roadside Hedgerows on Air Quality in Urban Street Canyons. Atmospheric Environment, 139, 75-86. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[15] Abhijith, K.V., Kumar, P., Gallagher, J., McNabola, A., Baldauf, R., Pilla, F., et al. (2017) Air Pollution Abatement Performances of Green Infrastructure in Open Road and Built-Up Street Canyon Environments—A Review. Atmospheric Environment, 162, 71-86. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[16] Cui, P., Ji, R., He, L., Zhang, Z., Luo, Y., Yang, Y., et al. (2023) Influence of GI Configurations and Wall Thermal Effects on Flow Structure and Pollutant Dispersion within Urban Street Canyons. Building and Environment, 243, Article ID: 110646. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[17] Wang, L., Su, J., Gu, Z. and Tang, L. (2021) Numerical Study on Flow Field and Pollutant Dispersion in an Ideal Street Canyon within a Real Tree Model at Different Wind Velocities. Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 81, 679-692. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] Buccolieri, R., Carlo, O.S., Rivas, E., Santiago, J.L., Salizzoni, P. and Siddiqui, M.S. (2022) Obstacles Influence on Existing Urban Canyon Ventilation and Air Pollutant Concentration: A Review of Potential Measures. Building and Environment, 214, Article ID: 108905. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[19] Duan, G., Bi, Z., Zhao, L., Yang, T. and Takemi, T. (2024) Modulating Local Winds and Turbulence around a Single Building Obstacle with the Obstruction of Tall Vegetation. Physics of Fluids, 36, Article No. 26. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[20] 毕真, 赵磊, 杨洋, 等. 植树位置对瞬态被动标量污染扩散过程影响的研究[J]. 环境保护前沿, 2025, 15(2): 212-223.
[21] Buccolieri, R., Santiago, J., Rivas, E. and Sáanchez, B. (2019) Reprint of: Review on Urban Tree Modelling in CFD Simulations: Aerodynamic, Deposition and Thermal Effects. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 37, 56-64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[22] Kumar, P., Druckman, A., Gallagher, J., Gatersleben, B., Allison, S., Eisenman, T.S., et al. (2019) The Nexus between Air Pollution, Green Infrastructure and Human Health. Environment International, 133, Article ID: 105181. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Gromke, C. and Ruck, B. (2007) Influence of Trees on the Dispersion of Pollutants in an Urban Street Canyon—Experimental Investigation of the Flow and Concentration Field. Atmospheric Environment, 41, 3287-3302. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[24] Shaw, R.H. and Schumann, U. (1992) Large-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Flow above and within a Forest. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 61, 47-64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[25] Ries, K. and Eichhorn, J. (2001) Simulation of Effects of Vegetation on the Dispersion of Pollutants in Street Canyons. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 10, 229-233. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[26] Hiraoka, H. (1993) Modelling of Turbulent Flows within Plant/Urban Canopies. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 46, 173-182. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[27] Wang, C., Li, Q. and Wang, Z. (2018) Quantifying the Impact of Urban Trees on Passive Pollutant Dispersion Using a Coupled Large-Eddy Simulation-Lagrangian Stochastic Model. Building and Environment, 145, 33-49. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[28] Baik, J., Kwak, K., Park, S. and Ryu, Y. (2012) Effects of Building Roof Greening on Air Quality in Street Canyons. Atmospheric Environment, 61, 48-55. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[29] Abhijith, K.V. and Gokhale, S. (2015) Passive Control Potentials of Trees and On-Street Parked Cars in Reduction of Air Pollution Exposure in Urban Street Canyons. Environmental Pollution, 204, 99-108. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]