假新闻分享的认知心理机制与干预策略研究进展

Research Progress on Cognitive Psychological Mechanisms and Intervention Strategies for Fake News Sharing

摘要: 随着社交媒体的普及，假新闻的传播已成为全球性的社会问题。本文旨在系统梳理假新闻分享的心理机制及有效的干预策略。研究采用文献梳理与理论整合方法，基于认知心理学视角展开分析。结果表明：假新闻分享受准确性辨别力缺失、社交媒体诱导的准确性忽视与新闻效价驱动的动机性推理的影响；记忆更新的关键在于整合编码与基于回想的提取过程，纠正效果受信息可信度、个体认知资源等因素调节；干预需构建反应性纠正、前瞻性接种、技术赋能体系。结论指出：未来研究应聚焦整合性干预模型构建，深入探索中国文化背景下假新闻传播规律，为构建清朗网络空间提供更坚实的理论与实践支撑。

Abstract: With the widespread popularity of social media, the spread of fake news has become a global social issue. This paper aims to systematically sort out the psychological mechanisms of fake news sharing and effective intervention strategies. Adopting the methods of literature review and theoretical integration, the study is conducted from the perspective of cognitive psychology. The results show that fake news sharing is influenced by insufficient accuracy discernment, accuracy inattention induced by social media, and motivated reasoning driven by news valence; the key to memory updating lies in integrative encoding and recollection-based retrieval processes, with the correction effect modulated by factors such as information credibility and individual cognitive resources; intervention needs to construct a system consisting of reactive correction, proactive inoculation, and technical empowerment. The conclusion points out that future research should focus on constructing integrated intervention models, further explore the dissemination rules of fake news in the Chinese cultural context, so as to provide more solid theoretical and practical support for building a clean and upright cyberspace.