宾语移做主位的语篇功能分析

An Analysis of the Textual Function of Object Preposing as Theme

摘要: 宾语离开常规句法位置而移置句首，其本质是基于交际需求对话语信息的重新编排。小句主位的宾语通常传达已知的旧信息，同时作为小句信息的起点引出述位传递的新信息。各句主位的信息迭代推动整个语篇逐步展开。移做主位的宾语在形式上呈现出复指前文内容、带有指示词、带有较长修饰语等特征。宾语移做主位具有衔接上下文、凸显核心信息、调整话题切换节奏、平衡信息密度等语篇功能。

Abstract: The preposing of an object from its canonical syntactic position to the sentence-initial position is essentially a reorganization of discourse information driven by communicative needs. The object that functions as theme of the clause typically conveys given information while serving as the starting point of clause information to introduce the new information carried by the rheme. The iterative progression of thematic information across clauses propels the gradual unfolding of the entire text. The object fronted as theme often exhibits formal features such as anaphoric reference to preceding textual content, the inclusion of demonstratives, and the attachment of lengthy modifiers. The thematization of object has certain textual functions such as enhancing contextual cohesion, foregrounding core information, modulating the pace of topic shifting, and balancing information density.