数字经济下电商平台供应链物流服务优化路径研究——基于服务战略选择视角

Research on the Optimization Path of Supply Chain Logistics Services on E-Commerce Platforms in the Digital Economy—From the Perspective of Service Strategy Selection

摘要: 文章旨在解决数字经济背景下电商平台供应链物流服务存在的模式适配不当、数字协同不足、韧性薄弱及在线信息利用不充分等问题，弥补现有研究对多元物流模式协同优化探讨不足的缺口。采用文献综述法，系统梳理电商平台供应链物流服务的核心模式、影响因素及数字技术的赋能作用，从模式适配、协同赋能、动态优化三个维度构建优化路径。结果表明，电商平台供应链物流服务呈现自建物流(SBL)、第三方物流(3PL)与物流服务共享(LSS)多元并存格局，三类模式各有优劣，其选择需结合业务特性、成本与服务水平等因素；通过构建多元协同物流体系、依托数字技术打破数据孤岛、挖掘在线评论价值并建立风险预警机制，可有效提升物流服务质量与供应链竞争力。结论指出，“模式适配–协同赋能–动态优化”三维路径相互支撑，为电商企业物流服务升级与供应链高质量发展提供理论与实践支撑。

Abstract: This study aims to address problems existing in the supply chain logistics services of e-commerce platforms in the context of the digital economy, such as mismatched service models, insufficient digital collaboration, weak resilience, and underutilization of online information, while filling the gap in existing research that lacks sufficient exploration of the collaborative optimization of multiple logistics models. Adopting the literature review method, it systematically sorts out the core models, influencing factors of e-commerce platform supply chain logistics services, and the enabling role of digital technologies, and constructs an optimization path from three dimensions: model adaptation, collaborative empowerment, and dynamic optimization. The results show that e-commerce platform supply chain logistics services present a coexisting pattern of Self-Built Logistics (SBL), Third-Party Logistics (3PL), and Logistics Service Sharing (LSS). Each of the three models has its own advantages and disadvantages, and their selection needs to consider factors such as business characteristics, costs, and service levels. By establishing a multi-collaborative logistics system, breaking data silos relying on digital technologies, mining the value of online reviews, and building a risk early warning mechanism, the quality of logistics services and the competitiveness of supply chains can be effectively improved. The conclusion indicates that the three-dimensional path of “model adaptation-collaborative empowerment-dynamic optimization” supports each other, providing theoretical and practical support for the upgrading of logistics services and the high-quality development of supply chains of e-commerce enterprises.