湖库浊水形成机制、演变规律与调控技术研究进展
Advances in the Formation Mechanisms, Evolution Patterns, and Regulation Technologies of Turbid Water in Lakes and Reservoirs
DOI: 10.12677/ag.2026.162025, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 黄安君, 和田歌：同济大学土木工程学院，上海；蔡 奕*, 周念清：同济大学土木工程学院，上海；长江水环境教育部重点实验室(同济大学)，上海；王 梅：恒晟水环境治理股份有限公司，广西 桂林；蒙振思：长江水环境教育部重点实验室(同济大学)，上海；王 平：黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院，河南 郑州
关键词: 湖泊水库；浊度；形成机制；时空演变；治理方法；Lakes and Reservoirs； Turbidity； Formation Mechanisms； Spatiotemporal Evolution； Solutions
摘要: 湖库作为关键的水资源储存库具有重要的调蓄功能，在维持区域生态平衡与支撑社会经济发展方面发挥着不可替代的作用。因其水体交换缓慢、自净能力有限，对流域人类活动与全球气候变化胁迫尤为敏感，常因暴雨引发库区水土流失导致湖库水体浊度持续升高、生态系统服务功能衰退等一系列连锁问题。本文系统阐述了水动力条件改变、外源负荷输入及内源负荷释放等多尺度驱动因素对浊水形成的复合作用机制，并综合评估了物理、化学与生态等治理技术的适用条件、局限性与实效性。在此基础上，提出了未来需要重点研究和突破的3个发展方向：(1) 深究多过程耦合驱动下持久浊水的形成机理；(2) 构建多维度高分辨率浊水监测网络；(3) 构建全链条协同的湖库浊水治理新范式，旨在为实现湖库水环境质量精准管理与长效改善提供理论和技术支撑。
Abstract: Lakes and reservoirs, as critical water storage bodies with significant regulatory functions, play an irreplaceable role in maintaining regional ecological balance and supporting socioeconomic development. Due to their slow water exchange and limited self-purification capacity, they are particularly sensitive to stressors from watershed human activities and global climate change. Heavy rainfall often triggers soil erosion in reservoir areas, leading to persistently elevated turbidity and a series of cascading issues such as the degradation of ecosystem services. This paper systematically elucidates the composite mechanisms driving turbid water formation under multi-scale factors, including altered hydrodynamic conditions, external pollutant loads, and internal nutrient release. It also comprehensively evaluates the applicability, limitations, and effectiveness of current treatment technologies spanning physical, chemical, and ecological approaches. Based on this, three priority research directions are proposed for future focus and advancement: (1) in-depth investigation into the formation mechanisms of persistent turbidity driven by multi-process coupling; (2) development of a multi-dimensional, high-resolution monitoring network for turbid water; and (3) establishment of a full-chain, synergistic paradigm for turbidity management in lakes and reservoirs. These initiatives aim to provide theoretical and technical support for precise management and long-term improvement of water environmental quality in lakes and reservoirs.
文章引用：黄安君, 蔡奕, 王梅, 周念清, 蒙振思, 王平, 和田歌. 湖库浊水形成机制、演变规律与调控技术研究进展[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2026, 16(2): 261-272. https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2026.162025

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