海南自贸港背景下艺术设计专业学位硕士培养模式的探索与实践——基于地方特色与产业需求的融合路径

Exploration and Practice of Master’s Degree Training Mode for Art and Design Major in the Context of Hainan Free Trade Port—Based on the Integration Path of Local Characteristics and Industrial Demands

摘要: 随着海南自贸港建设的不断推进，艺术设计产业迎来了“国际形象塑造”“文旅融合升级”“数字创意崛起”等发展机遇。同时对高层次应用型艺术设计人才提出了全新要求和挑战，必须拥有“熟悉本土文化、通晓产业逻辑关系、解决实际问题”的复合技能。本文基于海南自贸港的产业发展定位与彰显地方文化特色，针对海南艺术设计专业学位硕士(以下简称“艺术设计专硕”)培养中存在的“地方适配性不足”“产教融合表面化”等现实问题，结合地方(Place-based)教育理论与设计驱动型创新(Design-Driven Innovation)理论核心诉求，通过对海南12所开设艺术设计专硕的高校培养方案调研(样本覆盖全省85%相关院校)及30家自贸港重点文旅、设计企业的需求访谈，发现仅15%的培养方案明确将“服务自贸港”作为核心定向，62%的企业反映毕业生在本土文化转化、跨境设计合规等自贸港特色需求上的适配度不足40%，初步研究了“目标–课程–实践–师资–评价”五位一体的培养模式。该模式以“强化地方特色”与“产业服务能力”为核心，通过“特色课程模块化”“实践项目真题化”“双师协同常态化”“评价标准多元化”等具体实施路径，实现人才培养与自贸港艺术设计产业快速发展的精准对接。

Abstract: With the continuous advancement of the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, the art and design industry is embracing development opportunities such as “international image shaping”, “integration and upgrading of culture and tourism”, and “rise of digital creativity”. At the same time, new requirements and challenges are posed for high-level applied art and design talents, who must possess composite skills of “familiarity with local culture, understanding of industrial logic, and ability to solve practical problems”. Based on the industrial development positioning of Hainan Free Trade Port and the manifestation of local cultural characteristics, this paper addresses the practical issues in the cultivation of master’s degree holders in art and design (hereinafter referred to as “Master of Art and Design”) in Hainan, such as “insufficient local adaptability” and “superficial integration of industry and education”. By combining the core demands of place-based education theory and design-driven innovation theory, and through a survey of the cultivation programs of 12 universities in Hainan that offer Master of Art and Design programs (covering 85% of relevant institutions across the province) and interviews with the needs of 30 key culture, tourism, and design enterprises in the Free Trade Port, it is found that only 15% of the cultivation programs explicitly set “serving the Free Trade Port” as the core orientation, and 62% of the enterprises reflect that the adaptability of graduates in terms of local cultural transformation, cross-border design compliance, and other characteristic needs of the Free Trade Port is less than 40%. A preliminary study has been conducted on a five-in-one cultivation model of “objective-curriculum-practice-teacher-evaluation”. This model centers on “strengthening local characteristics” and “industry service capabilities”, and achieves precise alignment between talent cultivation and the rapid development of the art and design industry in the Free Trade Port through specific implementation paths such as “modularized characteristic courses”, “real-life project-based practical projects”, “normalized collaboration between dual-teachers”, and “diversified evaluation criteria”.