电子商务平台绿色供应链中供应商的作用、问题与优化路径研究

Research on the Role, Problems, and Optimization Pathways of Suppliers in the Green Supply Chain of E-Commerce Platforms

摘要: 在世界“碳中和”目标推进及国内企业绿色转型需求加剧的背景下，电子商务平台作为供应链资源整合的核心载体，其绿色供应链管理水平直接关乎制造业与流通业协同可持续发展的成效。供应商处于电子商务平台绿色供应链的源头环节，对整个链条的环境效益、运营效率及平台品牌公信力具有决定性作用。本文采用系统分析法，引入交易成本理论视角，聚焦电子商务平台场景下供应商在绿色供应链中的作用、现存问题及优化路径，并结合平台流量分发、算法评价等特有机制，探讨平台主导下绿色供应链管理的重点方向。旨在为电子商务平台强化供应商绿色管理、规避供应链风险、筛选优质绿色合作伙伴提供实践建议，也为电子商务领域的绿色供应链相关研究提供理论补充。

Abstract: Amidst the global pursuit of carbon neutrality and the growing demand for green transformation among domestic enterprises, e-commerce platforms, as central integrators of supply chain resources, see their green supply chain management capabilities directly determining the effectiveness of coordinated and sustainable development in the manufacturing and distribution sectors. Suppliers, positioned at the upstream end of the e-commerce platform’s green supply chain, play a decisive role in the environmental performance, operational efficiency, and brand credibility of the entire chain. This paper adopts a systematic analytical approach, integrates a transaction cost theory perspective, and examines the role, existing challenges, and improvement pathways for suppliers within the context of e-commerce green supply chains. By incorporating platform-specific mechanisms such as traffic allocation and algorithmic evaluation, it explores key directions for platform-led green supply chain governance. The study aims to provide practical recommendations for e-commerce platforms to enhance green supplier management, mitigate supply chain risks, and identify high-quality green partners, while also contributing theoretical insights to existing research on green supply chains in the e-commerce field.