高质量发展背景下开放大学学前教育专业人才培养模式研究——基于现代学徒制的视角

Research on the Talent Cultivation Model for Preschool Education Majors in Open Universities under the Background of High-Quality Development—From the Perspective of Modern Apprenticeship

摘要: 在学前教育高质量发展背景下，开放大学作为成人高等教育重要载体，亟待解决工学矛盾突出、理论实践脱节、师资结构失衡及实践条件薄弱等问题。本研究基于成人教育学与人力资本理论，以现代学徒制为实践范式，构建了“双导师队伍、三类实训基地、信息化平台、多元评价体系”四位一体协同育人模式，形成以岗位能力为导向、学生为中心、技术为支撑的系统化育人机制。通过混合实证分析发现：学生实践能力考核通过率从76%提升至92%，合作幼儿园数量由5所增至12所，双师型教师比例从35%增长至68%，用人单位满意度显著提高(p < 0.001)。实践表明，该模式有效提升了学生实践能力与就业竞争力，促进了校企合作深化与师资结构优化，为开放大学学前教育专业改革与职业教育产教融合提供了可复制、可推广的实践范式。

Abstract: In the context of high-quality development of preschool education, open universities, as an important carrier of adult higher education, face urgent challenges such as the prominent conflict between work and study, the disconnection between theory and practice, an imbalanced teacher structure, and insufficient practical training conditions. Based on the analytical frameworks of adult pedagogy and human capital theory, this study adopts modern apprenticeship as a practical paradigm and constructs a Four-in-One collaborative education model that encompasses a dual-tutor team, three types of practical training bases, an ICT-supported platform, and a multi-dimensional evaluation system, forming a competency-oriented, student-centered, and technology-supported systematic education mechanism. Mixed-methods empirical analysis reveals that the students’ practical skills assessment pass rate increased from 76% to 92%, the number of partner kindergartens grew from 5 to 12, the proportion of dual-qualified teachers rose from 35% to 68%, and employer satisfaction improved significantly (p < 0.001). Practice demonstrates that the model effectively enhances students’ practical abilities and employability, deepens university-enterprise collaboration, optimizes the teacher structure, and provides a replicable and scalable practical paradigm for the reform of preschool education in open universities and for industry-education integration in vocational education.