短视频使用时间对专注力的影响研究现状

Research Status of the Influence of Short Video Usage Time on Attention Span

摘要: 目的：综合近五年实证与神经影像证据，系统梳理短视频使用时间对个体专注力的积极、消极影响及作用机制和恢复机制。方法：以“short-form video/short video/TikTok”AND“attention/focus/cognitive control”为关键词检索Web of Science、PubMed、CNKI，时间跨度2007~2025，最终纳入35篇文献进行定性综述。结果：已有研究发现短视频使用时间对专注力有积极影响，但更多的是消极影响。这和短视频的特点、注意力分散机制、时间管理不良机制和认知负荷机制有关。另外，个体差异和环境因素在其中起到了调节作用，不同年龄段和群体的用户受影响程度不同。值得注意的是，现有文献表明短视频戒断后通过一定训练是可以恢复的，在短期、中期、长期中使用不同的训练手段都取得了一定的效果。结论：短视频使用时间过长对专注力有负面影响但具有可逆性，停止使用后通过科学干预可以实现一定程度的恢复，这一发现为制定循证干预方案提供了重要依据。

Abstract: Objective: To systematically review the positive and negative effects of short video usage time on individual attention span, as well as the underlying mechanisms and recovery mechanisms, by synthesizing empirical and neuroimaging evidence from the past five years. Methods: A search was conducted using the keywords “short-form video/short video/TikTok” AND “attention/focus/cognitive control” in Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI, covering the period from 2007 to 2025. A total of 35 articles were selected for qualitative review. Results: Existing studies have found that short video usage time has a positive impact on attention span, but more often has a negative effect. This may be related to the characteristics of short videos, mechanisms of attention dispersion, poor time management, and cognitive load. Additionally, individual differences and environmental factors play a moderating role, with varying degrees of impact across different age groups and user demographics. Notably, existing literature indicates that short video use can be partially reversed through specific training after cessation, with varying degrees of effectiveness observed across short-term, medium-term, and long-term interventions. Conclusion: While prolonged short video use negatively impacts attention span, this effect is reversible. Scientific interventions following cessation can achieve partial recovery, providing critical evidence for developing evidence-based intervention strategies.