不同栽培方式对美人蕉生长发育及生理特性的影响

Effects of Different Cultivation Methods on Growth Development and Physiological Traits of Canna

摘要: 本文比较了盆栽、水培和地栽三种不同栽培条件对5种不同美人蕉植株生长发育和生理特性的差异。结果表明，地栽方式有利于根系尤其是主根的伸长，水培有利于美人蕉侧根以及毛细根数量的增加和根系表面积的增大，后者对于植物养分吸收与生长发育更为有效。水培条件还对美人蕉的植株有一定的矮化作用，使其根冠比增大。测定不同品种在水培和地栽条件下基于叶绿素荧光参数的光合速率无明显差异，而5种美人蕉在盆栽条件下的光合效率、生长速率均最低。因此，美人蕉极具水培花卉的潜质。

Abstract: The cultivation experiments were conducted to study the differences in potted culture, hydroponics and soil culture on the growth development and physiological traits on five Canna cultivars. The results showed that soil culture was conductive to roots growth, especially the taproot of Cannas. In contrast, hydroponics could increase quantity of lateral roots and capillary root and magnify root cap area. The latter could facilitate nutrient uptake and growth development of plants. Meanwhile, hydroponics could dwarf Canna plants and increase the root cap ratio. Expressed by fluorescence parameters, photosynthetic efficiency of Canna plants had no significant difference between the hydroponics treatment and the soil culture treatment. Five Canna cultivars by potted culture had the lowest level of photosynthetic efficiency and growth rate. Thus, Canna could be used as hydroponic ornamental flowers.