政策工具视角下我国华侨高等教育政策文本量化分析

Quantitative Analysis of China’s Overseas Chinese Higher Education Policy Texts from the Perspective of Policy Instruments

摘要: 华侨高等教育政策是推动侨教事业发展、凝聚侨心侨力的重要支撑。基于政策工具视角，本文构建“政策工具–政策发展阶段”二维分析框架，运用内容分析法对1949年以来国家层面发布的62份具有代表性的华侨高等教育政策文本进行量化分析。研究发现：我国华侨高等教育政策工具运用呈现出“单极主导、结构失衡”的特点，且政策工具演进与国家战略、历史需求同频共振，呈现体系初创、制度重建、规范发展与战略融入三阶段的差异化演进。基于此，从优化工具结构、提升运用精准性、实现动态优化三方面提出政策建议，为新时代我国华侨高等教育政策优化提供参考，推动华侨高等教育的高质量发展。

Abstract: Overseas Chinese higher education policy serves as a crucial pillar for advancing the development of overseas Chinese education and consolidating the affinity and cohesion of overseas Chinese communities. From the perspective of policy instruments, this study constructs a two-dimensional analytical framework of “policy instruments-policy development stages” and employs content analysis to conduct a quantitative examination of 62 representative policy texts on overseas Chinese higher education issued at the national level since 1949. The findings reveal that the application of policy instruments in China’s overseas Chinese higher education is characterized by “unipolar dominance and structural imbalance”, while the evolution of these instruments resonates with national strategies and historical demands, manifesting distinct developmental trajectories across three stages: system initiation, institutional reconstruction, and normative development integrated with strategic engagement. Based on these findings, policy recommendations are proposed from three dimensions—optimizing instrument structure, enhancing application precision, and achieving dynamic optimization—to provide references for the improvement of China’s overseas Chinese higher education policy in the new era and to promote its high-quality development.