朱熹“新民”思想的局限性及新时代转向

The Limitations of Zhu Xi’s “Xin Min” Thought and Its Transformation in the New Era

摘要: 朱熹的“新民”思想在继承儒家民本传统的同时，因过度强调外在教化而弱化民众主体性，最终沦为封建专制的理论工具。本文通过分析“他新”与“自新”的割裂、民众自觉性缺失等问题，揭示传统“新民”思想的局限性。结合马克思主义群众观与新时代民主实践，提出“民自新”与“使民新”并行的转向路径，为传统民本思想的现代转化提供理论启示。

Abstract: Zhu Xi’s “Xin Min” thought, while inheriting the Confucian tradition of people-oriented, weakened the subjectivity of the masses due to excessive emphasis on external education, and eventually became a theoretical tool of feudal autocracy. This article reveals the limitations of the traditional “Xin Min” ideology by analyzing issues such as the disconnection between “novelty from others” and “self-renewal”, as well as the lack of public consciousness. Combining the Marxist view of the masses with the democratic practice of the new era, a parallel turning path of “the people renewing themselves” and “making the people new” is proposed, providing theoretical inspiration for the modern transformation of traditional people-oriented thought.