重庆市健康体检人群代谢综合征患病率及相关危险因素分析

Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Analysis of Related Risk Factors among Health Examination Population in Chongqing

摘要: 目的：调查重庆市健康体检人群代谢综合征(MS)的患病情况，分析其相关危险因素，为本地人群MS的早期筛查、预防和干预提供临床依据。方法：选取2024年1月~2024年12月于重庆市某三甲医院体检中心进行健康体检的12,860名人群作为研究对象，收集研究对象的一般资料、体格检查指标及实验室检测结果，采用2023年《中国成人代谢综合征防治指南》的诊断标准判定MS患病情况，采用单因素χ²检验分析不同特征人群MS患病率的差异，采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析MS发生的独立危险因素。结果：12,860名研究对象中，MS患者共1862例，总患病率为14.48%，其中男性患病率为19.27%，女性患病率为8.79%，男性患病率显著高于女性(P < 0.001)。单因素分析结果显示，年龄、性别、体重指数(BMI)、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血压病史、糖尿病病史、高血脂病史、运动频率与MS的患病相关(P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，男性、年龄 ≥ 45岁、超重/肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、缺乏规律运动、高血压、高血糖、高血脂是MS发生的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。结论：重庆市健康体检人群MS患病率处于较高水平，男性、中老年、超重肥胖、不良生活习惯及慢病病史是MS发生的独立危险因素。体检中心应针对高危人群开展针对性的早期筛查和健康干预，降低MS及相关心脑血管并发症的发生风险。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the health examination population of Chongqing City, analyze its related risk factors, and provide a clinical basis for early screening, prevention and intervention of MS in the local population. Methods: A total of 12,860 people who underwent health examination in the physical examination center of a tertiary hospital in Chongqing City from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected as the research subjects. The general data, physical examination indicators and laboratory test results of the subjects were collected. The diagnosis of MS was made according to the diagnostic criteria of the 2023 Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults. The chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in MS prevalence among people with different characteristics, and the multivariate unconditional Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of MS. Results: Among the 12,860 subjects, there were 1862 patients with MS, with a total prevalence rate of 14.48%. The prevalence rate of males was 19.27%, and that of females was 8.79%. The prevalence rate of males was significantly higher than that of females (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking history, drinking history, hypertension history, diabetes history, hyperlipidemia history and exercise frequency were correlated with the prevalence of MS (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that male, age ≥45 years old, overweight/obesity, smoking, drinking, lack of regular exercise, hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were independent risk factors for MS (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of MS in the health examination population of Chongqing City is at a relatively high level. Male, middle-aged and elderly, overweight and obese, unhealthy living habits and chronic disease history are independent risk factors for MS. The physical examination center should carry out targeted early screening and health intervention for high-risk groups to reduce the risk of MS and related cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.