被转述的声音——《螺丝在拧紧》的不可靠叙事与话语权力结构

The Mediated Voice—Unreliable Narration and the Structure of Discursive Power in The Turn of the Screw

摘要: 文章以亨利·詹姆斯的《螺丝在拧紧》为对象，分析多层嵌套叙事与不可靠叙事的互动。外层男性叙述者通过控制信息与主题导向，在结构上预设了内层女教师手稿的不可靠性；而女教师在记忆空白、价值判断摇摆与人称转换等方面的叙述裂缝，又进一步削弱了自身话语。外部操控与内部不稳定的叠加，使核心见证者持续处于被边缘化的处境。不可靠叙事在制造悬疑的同时，也折射出维多利亚时期女性在公共话语中的弱势处境，揭示了叙事策略与话语权力结构的内在关联。

Abstract: This study examines The Turn of the Screw by Henry James, focusing on the interplay between multi-layered narrative structures and unreliable narration. The outer male narrator, by controlling information and guiding thematic interpretation, structurally preconditions the perceived unreliability of the inner female governess’s manuscript. Meanwhile, narrative gaps caused by the governess’s memory lapses, shifts in value judgment, and changes in narrative perspective further weaken her voice. The combination of external framing and internal instability continually marginalizes the primary witness. Unreliable narration thus not only generates suspense but also reflects the disadvantaged position of women in the public discourse of the Victorian era, revealing the intrinsic link between narrative strategies and structures of discursive power.