电影字幕翻译的功能主义分析——以《爱乐之城》为例

A Functionalist Analysis of the Film Subtitle Translation—A Case Study of La La Land

摘要: 在全球化的大背景下，文化交流越来越频繁，而作为重要传播载体的电影也成为了人们了解其他国家文化的一条重点途径。字幕翻译作为观众与影视作品之间的沟通桥梁，在跨文化交流中具有重要作用。由于各国文化背景的多样性，字幕翻译的质量直接影响观众对影片内容的理解与接受。影视翻译不仅需要传达原作的文化意蕴，还应力求让目标语观众获得与源语观众相似的审美体验。本文基于尤金·奈达的功能对等理论，以美国电影《爱乐之城》的英译汉字幕为分析案例，通过剖析双语转换中的语言差异，探讨功能对等原则在字幕翻译中的实际应用。在此基础上，归纳出适用于影视字幕的翻译策略与方法，分析如何在促进跨语言理解与文化交流的同时提升观影体验，并进一步提出字幕翻译未来需关注的问题。

Abstract: In the context of globalization, cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent, and films, as significant carriers of cultural dissemination, have emerged as a vital medium for understanding other cultures. Subtitle translation, serving as a bridge between the audience and the film, plays a crucial role in cross-cultural communication. Due to the diversity of cultural backgrounds, the quality of subtitle translation directly affects the audience’s comprehension and acceptance of the film’s content. Film translation not only needs to convey the cultural essence of the original work but also strives to provide the target language audience with an aesthetic experience similar to that of the source language audience. Based on Eugene Nida’s theory of functional equivalence, this paper takes the English-to-Chinese subtitle translation of the American film La La Land as a case study. By analyzing the linguistic differences in bilingual conversion, it explores the practical application of functional equivalence principles in subtitle translation. On this basis, the paper summarizes translation strategies and methods suitable for film subtitles, analyzes how to enhance the viewing experience while promoting cross-linguistic understanding and cultural exchange, and further proposes issues that require attention in the future development of subtitle translation.