数字化转型背景下人工智能对企业组织管理模式的影响

The Effect of Artificial Intelligence on the Corporate Organizational Management Models in the Context of Digital Transformation

摘要: 在数字化转型背景下，人工智能成为推动企业组织管理模式变革的重要力量。本文梳理国内外文献，引入技术–组织–环境框架、动态能力理论，从作用机制、具体影响、应用挑战维度分析AI对企业组织管理模式的影响。研究表明，AI通过数据驱动决策、人机协同、组织结构重塑三大机制，深度影响企业决策、组织架构、人力资源管理与创新能力，既能提升决策效率、优化组织运行，还能依托动态能力理论助力企业构建数字化新型组织能力。但AI应用也引发数据安全、算法偏见、员工技术适应等问题，其采纳与应用效果受技术、组织、环境多维度因素制约。为此，企业需强化技术应用，完善治理机制，结合具体场景制定针对性策略，实现人工智能与组织管理的协同发展。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of digital transformation, artificial intelligence has emerged as a key driver of change in corporate organizational management models. This paper reviews domestic and international literature, drawing upon the technology-organization-environment framework and the theory of dynamic capabilities, to analyze the impact of AI on corporate organizational management models from the perspectives of mechanisms of action, specific impacts, and application challenges. Research indicates that AI profoundly influences corporate decision-making, organizational structure, human resource management and innovation capabilities through three key mechanisms: data-driven decision-making, human-machine collaboration and organizational restructuring. It not only enhances decision-making efficiency and optimizes organizational operations but also, drawing on the theory of dynamic capabilities, assists enterprises in building new digital organizational capabilities. However, the application of AI also raises issues such as data security, algorithmic bias and employees’ technological adaptation, and its adoption and effectiveness are constrained by multi-dimensional factors relating to technology, organization and the environment. Consequently, enterprises need to strengthen technological application, improve governance mechanisms and formulate targeted strategies tailored to specific scenarios to achieve the coordinated development of artificial intelligence and organizational management.