高速公路货运司机综合信用评价方法研究

Research on a Comprehensive Credit Evaluation Method for Highway Freight Drivers

摘要: 针对现有司机信用评价维度单一、权重确定主观性强的问题，本文构建了一套面向高速公路运行场景的货运司机综合信用评价指标体系。该体系从信用行为、驾驶行为、风险暴露和稳定出行四个维度选取12项指标，包括事故发生频次、事故多发路段通行占比等。在此基础上，提出一种基于层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)与熵权法相结合的组合赋权方法，通过引入群决策一致性约束降低专家主观判断偏差，并利用熵权法反映指标数据差异性特征，从而获得更加合理的指标权重。最后，以山东省某高速公路货运司机数据为例开展实例分析，结果表明，所构建的指标体系能够从多个方面对货运司机综合信用特征进行有效刻画，不同赋权方法在指标权重分布上呈现出明显差异，而组合赋权结果能够有效平衡主观经验与客观数据特征，使指标权重分配更加科学合理。研究成果可为高速公路货运司机信用评价、分级管理及差异化服务提供方法支撑。

Abstract: To address the problems of limited evaluation dimensions and strong subjectivity in weight determination in existing driver credit evaluation methods, this study constructs a comprehensive credit evaluation indicator system for freight drivers from the perspective of highway operation scenarios. The system comprises 12 indicators selected from four dimensions, namely credit behavior, driving behavior, risk exposure, and travel stability, including accident frequency and the proportion of travel through accident-prone road sections. On this basis, a combined weighting method integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the entropy weight method is proposed. By introducing group decision-making consistency constraints, the subjectivity of expert judgments is reduced, while the entropy weight method is employed to reflect the variability of indicator data, thereby yielding more reasonable indicator weights. Finally, a case study based on freight driver data from a highway in Shandong Province is conducted. The results demonstrate that the proposed indicator system can effectively characterize freight drivers’ comprehensive credit features from multiple perspectives, and that different weighting methods exhibit distinct patterns in weight distribution. The combined weighting approach effectively balances subjective experience and objective data characteristics, resulting in a more scientific and rational allocation of indicator weights. The findings provide methodological support for freight driver credit evaluation, hierarchical management, and differentiated service strategies on highways.