杜皖系杂交野猪的胴体、肉质性状及肉品营养成分分析

The Analyses of Carcass Characteristics, Meat Traits and Meaty Nourishment Composition of Duroc-Anhui Crossbred Wild Boar

摘要: 选用皖南野猪、杜皖二元猪、杜皖系杂交野猪为亲本，设置3个杂交组合，分析比较3组试验猪后代(BH、B₂H、B₃H₂)的胴体、肉质性状，并对B₃H₂的肉品进行营养成分分析。结果表明：B₂H的瘦肉率、眼肌面积、肉色评分、滴水损失率最优，依次为69.64%、33.87 cm²、3.02、2.43%；BH的屠宰率、大理石纹评分最高，依次为72.19%、2.78；B₃H₂的pH_{24 h}最高，为5.63；B₃H₂肉蛋白质，维生素A、E以及12种氨基酸(包含7种必需氨基酸)含量均显著高于家猪肉(p < 0.05)；矿物质元素Fe、Zn、Mg、Ca以及饱和脂肪酸含量较家猪肉丰富。

Abstract: The test designed three cross combinations by taking wild boar in southern Anhui, Duroc-Anhui binary hybrid pig, Duroc-Anhui crossbred wild boar as parents. The analyses of carcass characte-ristics and meat traits of offspring (BH, B₂H, B₃H₂) from three kinds of cross combinations were conducted. Additionally, B₃H₂ was selected and its meaty nourishment composition was analyzed. The results showed that the lean percentage 69.64%, loin eye area 33.87cm², meat color score 3.02 and drip loss rate 2.43% of B₂H were optimal; the slaughter rate 72.19% and marbling score 2.78 of BH were higher than those of B₂H and B₃H₂; the pH_{24 h} of B₃H₂ was 5.63, which was significant; the contents of protein, vitamins A and E, and twelve kinds of amino acids (including seven kinds of essential amino acids) in the lean of B₃H₂ were clearly higher (p < 0.05); the contents of mineral elements Fe, Zn, Mg, Ca and saturated fatty acid in the lean of B₃H₂ were richer than those in the lean of domestic pig.