生态渔业高质量发展的协同机制与优化路径研究

Research on the Coupling Mechanism and Implementation Paths of High-Quality Development of Ecological Fishery under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

摘要: 在乡村振兴深入实施与渔业高质量发展的政策背景下，生态渔业已成为推动渔村生态保护、产业振兴与渔民增收的核心引擎。本文基于可持续发展理论，构建生态渔业与乡村振兴两大系统的耦合协调分析框架与评价指标体系，采用耦合协调度模型，依托2019~2024年全国渔业与农村经济统计数据，结合二者的耦合协调现状、作用机制与优化路径。研究发现，2019~2024年全国两大系统耦合协调度从0.411 (濒临失调)提升至0.620 (中级协调)，整体处于“勉强协调”向“中级协调”的过渡阶段，且呈现“东强西弱、海强陆弱”的显著区域分化特征。研究厘清了生态、经济、社会三维度双向赋能的耦合作用机制，指出当前仍面临生态治理短板、产业链融合层次浅、科技人才供给不足、区域发展失衡等制约因素，最终从科技赋能、产业融合、政策协同、绿色转型四个维度提出优化路径，为二者深度融合发展提供理论依据与决策参考。上述研究发现表明，渔业与农村经济的协同演进并非线性过程，而是受多重制度性、结构性与技术性因素交织影响的动态系统。未来需强化跨部门数据共享机制，构建覆盖全链条的耦合协调监测预警平台，推动政策靶向精度提升；同时以县域为单元开展差异化路径试点，将绿色渔业标准嵌入乡村振兴考核体系，切实增强协同发展的内生动力与可持续性。

Abstract: Against the policy backdrop of the in-depth implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy and the high-quality development of the fishery industry, ecological fishery has become a core engine driving ecological conservation, industrial revitalization and fishermen’s income growth in fishing villages. Based on the Theory of Sustainable Development, this paper constructs an analytical framework and evaluation index system for the coupling coordination between the two systems of ecological fishery and rural revitalization. Adopting the coupling coordination degree model and relying on the statistical data of fishery and rural economy from 2019 to 2024, it systematically examines the current coupling coordination status, action mechanisms and optimization paths between the two. The study finds that from 2019 to 2024, the coupling coordination degree between the two systems rose from 0.411 (on the verge of imbalance) to 0.620 (intermediate coordination), which is overall in a transitional phase from “barely coordination” to “intermediate coordination”, with a significant regional differentiation characteristic of “strong in the east and weak in the west, strong in marine areas and weak in inland areas”. This research clarifies the two-way enabling coupling mechanism from the three dimensions of ecology, economy and society, points out the current constraints including shortcomings in ecological governance, shallow integration of the industrial chain, insufficient supply of scientific and technological talents, and unbalanced regional development. Finally, it puts forward optimization paths from four dimensions: scientific and technological empowerment, industrial integration, policy coordination and green transformation, so as to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the in-depth integrated development of the two systems. These findings indicate that the coordinated development of fisheries and rural economy is not a linear process, but a dynamic system shaped by the interplay of multiple institutional, structural and technical factors. Going forward, it is necessary to strengthen the cross-departmental data sharing mechanism, build a full-chain coupled coordination monitoring and early warning platform to improve the targeting accuracy of relevant policies. Meanwhile, differentiated development trials shall be carried out at the county level, and green fishery standards shall be incorporated into the rural revitalization assessment system to effectively boost the endogenous momentum and sustainability of coordinated development.