“在世界中”：论徐则臣《边境》中的主体叙事

“In the World”: A Study of the Subjective Narrative in Xu Zechen’s “The Border”

摘要: 从“到世界去”到“在世界中”，“世界”始终是徐则臣小说叙事的核心命题。在《边境》中，徐则臣采用介于内聚焦与外聚焦之间的“有限主体视角”，以第一人称“我”为叙事边界，构建了一种具有双向流动性的主体关系。“我”并非一个全知全能的叙述者，在“我”与青年的互动过程中，主体视角的认知限度直接造成了文本中的情节留白、人物留白与情感留白，以片段性与悬置的方式展示当代世界中跨文化相遇的复杂经验。通过将“主体行动”确立为叙事的结构性要素，徐则臣探讨了流动时代中个体的身份认同与文化交流等命题。

Abstract: From “Go out into the World” to “In the World”, the “world” has always been the central theme of Xu Zechen’s fiction. In “The Border”, Xu Zechen employs a “limited subject perspective” that a middle ground between internal and external focalization which using the first-person “I” as the narrative boundary to construct a subject relationship characterized by bidirectional fluidity. “I” am not an omniscient narrator, in the interactions between “I” and the young man, the cognitive limitations of the first-person perspective directly give rise to narrative gaps, character ambiguities, and emotional voids within the text, presenting the complex experience of cross-cultural encounters in the contemporary world through fragmentation and suspension. By establishing “subject action” as a structural element of narrative, Xu Zechen explores themes such as individual identity and cultural exchange in an era of mobility.