深渊的图谱：空间叙事学视域下《白鲸》的空间重构与精神困境

Mapping the Abyss: Spatial Reconstruction and Spiritual Predicament in Moby-Dick from the Perspective of Spatial Narratology

摘要: 文章将以《白鲸》为分析对象，借助龙迪勇空间叙事学理论中“空间并置”中异质文本的体现和作用、“行动元空间”横向、纵向及闭合的分布，以及“幻象空间”中的象征意义，揭示麦尔维尔如何将捕鲸船的物理航程转化为一部关于认知困境的精神寓言。在裴廓德号的甲板上，每一块船板的裂纹都是现代性危机的裂缝，白鲸符号的空白性映照出人类在认知边界处的存在困境。

Abstract: Taking Moby-Dick as its object of analysis, this paper draws on Long Diyong’s theory of spatial narratology, focusing on the manifestation and function of heterogeneous texts in “spatial juxtaposition”, the horizontal, vertical, and enclosed distribution of “actantial space”, and the symbolic meanings of “illusory space”. It aims to reveal how Melville transforms the physical voyage of a whaling ship into a spiritual allegory of cognitive predicament. On the deck of the Pequod, every crack in the planks is a fissure of the crisis of modernity, while what is reflected in the eyes of the white whale is precisely the image of humanity’s eternal struggle between reason and madness, order and chaos.