重审怪物：庄子美学视域下的克苏鲁神话新阐释

Re-Examining the Monster: A New Interpretation of the Cthulhu Mythos through Zhuangzi’s Aesthetic Thought

摘要: “怪物”作为经典的文学主题，在文学史上经久不衰。但对于怪物的理解和审美，中西方却分别走向了包容统一的“融合型叙事”和二元对立的“排斥型叙事”的不同路径。洛夫克拉夫特的克苏鲁神话体系创造了与西方传统怪物小说不同的叙事模式，以西方传统方法阐释存在诸多问题。文章使用以中释西的阐释方法，运用庄子的审美思想，从对怪物的理解、对怪物的审美、对怪物的认知三个维度来阐释克苏鲁神话体系中的怪物形象，以求超越传统的恐怖和神秘的解读，深入挖掘克苏鲁神话背后的文化和哲学内涵。

Abstract: As a classic literary motif, the “monster” has endured persistently in literary history. However, when it comes to the understanding and aesthetic appreciation of monsters, Chinese and Western traditions have respectively taken two different paths: an inclusive and integrative “narrative of fusion” on the one hand, and a dualistically opposed “narrative of exclusion” on the other. H. P. Lovecraft’s Cthulhu Mythos creates a narrative model distinct from traditional Western monster fiction, and interpreting it through conventional Western approaches poses considerable problems. This paper adopts a methodological approach of interpreting the West through Chinese thought, employing Zhuangzi’s aesthetic ideas to reinterpret the monstrous figures in the Cthulhu Mythos from three dimensions—namely, the understanding of monsters, the aesthetic appreciation of monsters, and the cognition of monsters. The aim is to transcend traditional readings centered on terror and mystery, and to delve deeper into the cultural and philosophical connotations underlying the Cthulhu Mythos.