系统分析与主观体验之间：诗歌阐释中的结构主义审视

Between Systemic Analysis and Subjective Experience: An Examination of Structuralism in Poetic Interpretation

摘要: 文章通过将结构主义理论应用于英语抒情诗阐释，考察结构主义在文学批评中的价值与局限。文章从“关系构成意义生成基础”这一核心命题出发，检验索绪尔语言学框架、二元对立和互文性等理论工具在诗歌阐释中的作用。研究发现，结构主义能够揭示意义如何生成于文本内外的系统性关系网络，并为文学阐释中的主题建构提供方法论指导；但其对系统分析的过度依赖，也容易忽视作者意图与读者体验。文章认为，文学批评应在方法论分析与审美体验之间保持平衡，从而拓展文学阐释的丰富内涵。

Abstract: This article examines the values and limitations of structuralism in literary criticism by applying structuralist theory to the interpretation of English lyric poetry. Starting from the central proposition that relations underpin the production of meaning, it evaluates the usefulness of Saussurean linguistics, binary opposition, and intertextuality as tools of poetic interpretation. The analysis shows that structuralism reveals how meaning emerges from systematic networks within and beyond the text and offers methodological guidance for thematic construction. Its strong dependence on systematic analysis, however, can obscure authorial intention and readers’ experience. The article therefore argues that literary criticism should balance methodological analysis with aesthetic experience in order to expand the possibilities of literary interpretation.