生态女性主义视角下对《绿山墙的安妮》共生研究

An Ecofeminist Study of Symbiotic Relationships in Anne of Green Gables

摘要: 加拿大作家露西·蒙哥马利的《绿山墙的安妮》是一部经典成长小说。该作品以细腻的风景描写与令人感动的女性成长形象吸引了读者的喜爱。本文主体部分有三个章节。首先，以“理性–情感”，“公共–私密”二元论分析女性处境，发现女性处于二元结构的底层，因此安妮在“理性”社会和“公共”空间，行为举止都受到制约。接着依托“人–自然”二元论分析发现，在阿冯利镇民众的日常生活中自然景物仅仅充当背景、被视作可供利用的工具。其次，探讨同样处境下的女性与自然彼此之间的联系，发现安妮一直在守护着身处的自然环境，自然也用绝美的景色，宽广的胸怀治愈着安妮。最后一章，则是聚焦于“文化–自然”二元结构的探讨发现，安妮历经挫折成为优秀的高知女性，自然也在安妮的灵性命名之下恢复了它的魅力。本文突破传统生态女性主义文学研究的框架，具体聚焦于，“人–自然”，“理性与情感”，“公共与私密”以及“文化与自然”二元结构下探讨处于底层女性与自然，丰富了该理论在文学文本中的应用框架与研究案例。主人公的成长蜕变轨迹，不仅展现了女性实现独立成长的过程，也折射出女性命运与自然生态的深度联结，为女性与自然探析出突破二元结构的路径。

Abstract: Anne of Green Gables by Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery is a classic coming-of-age novel. With its delicate descriptions of scenery and moving portrayal of its female protagonist’s growth, the work has endeared itself to readers. This paper consists of three chapters. First, it analyzes women’s situation through the dualisms of “reason-emotion” and “public-private,” finding that women are positioned at the bottom of the binary structure. Anne’s behavior and conduct are constrained in “rational society” and “public space” by her gender and distinctive personality. Similarly, within the “man and nature” binary in the everyday life of the people of Avonlea, natural scenery serves merely as a background and is treated as a tool. Second, it explores the connection between women and nature under the same circumstances, finding that Anne has always been protecting the natural environment in which she lives, while nature heals Anne with its breathtaking scenery and broad embrace. The final chapter focuses on the “culture-nature” binary, finding that Anne, after experiencing setbacks, becomes an outstanding, highly educated woman, and that nature also regains its charm under Anne’s spiritual naming. This paper breaks through the framework of traditional ecofeminist literary studies. It specifically focuses on the binary structures of “man and nature”, “reason and emotion,” “public and private,” and “culture and nature” to explore women and nature as positioned at the bottom, thereby enriching the application framework and research cases of this theory in literary texts. The protagonist’s trajectory of growth and transformation not only displays the women’s self-awareness and the achievement of independent growth, but also reflects the deep connection between women’s destiny and ecology. It offers a spiritual reference for contemporary women’s self-construction and also contributes to exploring a path for women and nature to transcend the binary structure.