1961~2013年山东东明日照时数变化特征及影响因素分析

Analysis of Sunshine Time Variation Characteristics and Influence Factors of Dongming during 1961-2013

摘要: 本文选取东明地面气象观测站1961~2013年日照、云量、降水、相对湿度和雾、轻雾、霾天气现象资料，统计分析了东明日照时数变化特征及影响因素。结果表明：1961~2013年东明年日照时数极显著减少，平均每10年减少109.2小时；夏季和冬季极显著减少，秋季显著减少，春季减少趋势不显著；东明日照时数在1998年发生了由高到低的突变，在1990年代末期以来明显偏少且急剧减少。东明年日照时数与总云量、轻雾日数极显著负相关，与雾日数显著负相关；四季日照时数除夏季与降水量和雾日数、秋季与轻雾日数负相关关系不显著外，其余均与总云量、降水量、降水日数和轻雾日数呈显著负相关。东明春季、夏季和年日照时数主要影响因子为总云量、降水日数和轻雾日数，秋季主要影响因子为总云量、雾和轻雾日数，冬季主要影响因子为总云量、雾日数和降水量。

Abstract: The paper statistically analyses the characteristics and influencing factors of Dongming sunshine times changes by using data of sunshine times, cloud cover, precipitation, relative humidity, fog and mist from 1961a to 2013a of Dongming ground meteorological observatory. The result showed: The sunshine times of 53 years reduced significantly and the decreasing trend was 109.2 hours on average every 10 years. In summer and winter, it reduced significantly and in fall ordinarily. But in spring, the reducing trend was not so significant. Mutation of sunshine times in 1998 presented from high to low. It was obviously less and sharply reduced since the late 1990 year. The annual sunshine times showed a very significant negative correlation with the total cloud cover and the light fog days and a significant negative correlation with fog days. Sunshine times in all seasons showed a significant negative correlation with the total cloud cover, the precipitation, the rainfall and the light fog days except the summer rainfall and fog days. The main influence factors of the spring, the summer and the annual sunshine times were total cloud cover, precipitation days and light fog days. In fall, the main factors were the total cloud cover, the fog and the light fog days and in winter were total cloud cover, the fog days and the precipitation.