论莎士比亚晚期戏剧中的国家策略

The Statecraft in Shakespeare’s Jacobian Plays

摘要: 对比前人的研究，本文分析了威廉•莎士比亚在詹姆斯一世统治时期创作的戏剧《一报还一报》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》等作品，提出了对莎士比亚这一时期创作特征的新的看法，认为作为“国王供奉”(King’s Man)剧团成员之一，并且被任命为宫廷内侍的莎士比亚在这一时期的戏剧创作，充满了对詹姆斯一世的王权思想，政治野心的演绎与诠释，饱含了对王室成员的婚姻牵动国家安危的关切，彰显了莎士比亚在这一时期的创作无法掩饰的国家策略(statecraft)的动因。

Abstract: Compared to previous study, this paper attempts to provide a new look on the production of William Shakespeare’s Jacobian plays, namely, Measure For Measure, King Lear, Macbeth, etc. It argues Shakespeare as a court chamberlain of the King’s Man Theater, whose writing in the Jacobian age is obsessed with the elucidation of James First’s thinkings on monarchies, political ambitions, and the connections between the national security and the marriages of the royal family. Shakespeare’s Jacobian plays reveal an inescapable motif and concern of James First’s statecraft.