情绪调节能力和性别对认知重评和表达抑制策略的影响—情绪调节能力和性别差异

Impacts of Emotion Regulation Ability and Sex on the Cognitive Reappraisal and Expression Suppression—Emotion Regulation Ability and Sex Difference

摘要: 目的：考察不同情绪调节能力下男性和女性使用认知重评和表达抑制策略的认知加工。方法：利用认知重评和表达抑制任务，记录被试使用调节策略前后的愉悦度，计算差值作为调节强度。结果：低ERA对负性情绪图片愉悦度评价比高ERA更负性；被试使用认知重评策略的调节强度高于表达抑制策略，并且调节后的愉悦程度也好于表达抑制；在使用认知重评策略时，低ERA女性报告的情绪调节强度大于低ERA男性；在使用表达抑制策略后，低ERA男性愉悦度高于低ERA女性。结论：低ERA比高ERA被试对情绪图片的评价更负性；相比表达抑制策略，认知重评在提升情绪效价上更加有效；相比低ERA男性，低ERA女性使用表达抑制策略的情绪调节有效性更弱。

Abstract: Objective: The research investigated the impacts of emotion regulation ability (ERA) and sex on the process of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression. Methods: The participants were asked to regulate their emotion by using cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression strategies. A rating for their current mood was also made before and after emotion regulation. Results: The low ERA participants show more negative emotion rating than the high ERA; compared to using expression suppression strategy, the regulating strength is higher and the emotion rating is more positive after emotion regulation for using cognitive reappraisal strategy; the low ERA women reported stronger regulating strength than the low ERA men after reappraisal; the low ERA men reported more positive emotion rating than the low ERA women after expression. Conclusion: The results showed that the cognitive reappraisal is an effective emotion regulation strategy and the low ERA women are more ineffective than the low ERA men after using expression suppression.