中日大学生认识论信念对比

The Comparison of College Students’ Epistemological Beliefs between China and Japan

摘要: 此研究验证了中日文化中的大学生认识论信念的理论结构，结构包括知识的本质和认识的本质两个层次。其中包括三个维度：整合建构性学习，努力的作用和简单确定性知识。其中努力的作用是在东方文化中提取出的新的维度。采用这些维度考察了中日大学生认识论信念的性别，国家的差异，以及年级的发展趋势。结果表明：中日大学生认识论信念都没有性别差异。中国大学生认识论信念在整合建构性学习和简单确定性知识的维度上显著高于日本，但在努力的作用这个维度上日本大学生的信念显著高于中国。在整合建构学习的维度上，日本四年级学生的信念显著高于其他年级，而中国一年级大学生显著高于其他年级。在知识的简单确定性的维度上，日本一年级学生显著高于其他年级。最后，从文化背景和教育影响方面探讨了这些信念差异的原因。

Abstract: This study confirmed the theoretical construct of epistemological beliefs in Eastern Asian culture, which includes two layers: the nature of knowledge and knowing. This construct is composed of three dimensions: belief about integrative-constructive study, belief about efforts and belief about simple and certain knowledge. In these three dimensions, male and female college students have no significant differences in both China and Japan. On the belief about integrative-constructive study and the belief about simple and certain knowledge, Chinese college students are significantly more sophisticated than Japanese counterparts. However, on the belief about efforts, Japanese students are significantly more sophisticated than Chinese counterparts. On the belief about integrative-constructive study, Grade Four students in Japan are significantly more sophisticated than other grades while Grade One students in China are significantly more sophisticated than other grades. On the belief about simple and certain knowledge, Grade One students in Japan are significantly more sophisticated than other grades. The cultural and educational implications are also discussed.