汉语方位称谓语的认知机制研究

Research on Cognitive Mechanism of Chinese Appellation of Orientation

摘要: 本文利用认知语言学的意象图式和概念隐喻理论，探究方位称谓语的生成机制。分析表明，方位称谓源自于空间域向时间域，继而向社会域的跨域映射。具体而言，前后图式类方位称谓语是通过前后空间概念映射时间上先后概念；上下图式类方位称谓语是通过上下空间概念映射社会域中的等级概念；而内外图式类方位称谓语主要是源于容器意象图式，容器的内外概念映射宗法或社会群体概念。

Abstract: This paper researches on generative mechanism of Chinese appellation of orientation by image schema and conceptual metaphor from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Analysis shows that appellation of orientation is derived from cross-domain mapping from spatial domain to time domain then to social domain. Specifically, appellation of orientation of front-back schema is formed through the mapping from front-back concept of space to the successive concept of time; appellation of orientation of up-down schema is formed through the mapping from up-down concept of space to the class concept in the social domain; and appellation of orientation of in-out schema is derived from schema of container and is formed through the mapping from in-out concept of container to the concept of patriarchal system and social group.