肝癌中长链非编码RNA调控机制研究进展
Advances in the Research of Long Non-Coding RNA Regulation Mechanism in Liver Cancer
DOI: 10.12677/WJCR.2018.83016, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 崔 凯*：山东大学附属山东省肿瘤医院肝胆外科，山东省医学科学院，山东 济南；欧 洋, 宁大为：济南大学山东省医学科学院医学与生命科学学院，山东 济南
关键词: 长链非编码RNA；肝癌；基因调控；Long Non-Coding RNA； Liver Cancer； Gene Regulation
摘要: LncRNA是一组转录本长度超过200个核苷酸序列的RNA分子，它们本身并不编码任何蛋白或者只是编码很短的多肽类分子。最新的编码数据库显示：编码蛋白质的转录本仅占人类基因组转录本2.94%。基因组和转录组测序证据表明：复杂的机体功能可能受一系列来自于基因组非编码区的短链或者长链非编码RNA (Long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)的调控。近年来研究表明，lncRNA参与X染色体失活、干细胞干性的维持、转录调节、表观遗传学调控等多种重要的生物过程。非编码RNA (non-coding RNA, ncRNA)参与了多种疾病尤其是肿瘤发生发展的调控过程，是近期研究热点之一。随着高通量筛选方法的完善，越来越多的长链ncRNA (long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)分子被发现，并有望成为新型肿瘤诊断标志物和肿瘤治疗的靶点。本文主要就几种常见的与HBV相关肿瘤调控有关的lincRNA的特征及其在肝癌中的功能进行阐述。
Abstract: Long non-coding RNA is a subgroup of non-coding RNAs greater than 200 nucleotides. They don’t encode any protein themselves or just encode very short peptides. The latest coding database shows that the transcripts encoding proteins account for only 2.94% of the human genome tran-scripts. Evidence from genome and transcriptome sequencing suggests that complex body functions may be regulated by a series of short-chain or long-chain non-coding RNAs derived from the non-coding regions of the genome. Recently, accumulating evidences have showed the lncRNA is playing the important biological processes, such as inactivation of X chromosome, maintenance of stem cell stemness, transcription regulation and epigenetic regulation. Non-coding RNA is involved in the regulation of many diseases, especially the development of tumors. It is one of the recent research hotspots. With the improvement of high-throughput screening methods, more and more long non-coding RNA molecules have been discovered and are expected to become new cancer diagnostic molecular markers and targets for cancer treatment. This review describes the characteristics of several common lincRNAs involved in the regulation of HBV related tumors and their function in liver cancer.
文章引用：崔凯, 欧洋, 宁大为. 肝癌中长链非编码RNA调控机制研究进展 [J]. 世界肿瘤研究, 2018, 8(3): 100-107. https://doi.org/10.12677/WJCR.2018.83016

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