哈代《还乡》中喜剧元素的分析

An Analysis of the Comic Elements in Hardy’s The Return of the Native

摘要: 托马斯•哈代是英国文学史上一位杰出的悲剧作家，虽然一生屡遭变故，他却从未忘记他幽默乐观的天性。作为一位悲剧大师，虽然哈代反对将自己定性为悲观主义，但还是留下了难以磨灭的标签。作为一位严谨的艺术家，哈代想向人们展示的是一个喜剧与悲剧共存的现实世界。然而他作品中运用的喜剧元素却时常被读者和评论家忽视，这些喜剧元素并非是作者的疏忽大意，它们是作者特意安排用来诠释悲喜共存世界的工具，反映了哈代观察生活的广阔视野。《还乡》是哈代第一部受重视的悲剧作品，其中运用了包括幽默、讽刺、巧智在内的喜剧元素，但是却被悲剧的故事所掩盖，未得到足够重视。本篇文章旨在通过对《还乡》中喜剧元素的分析，帮助读者更好地理解哈代的作品和他对于生活的理解。

Abstract: Thomas Hardy is one of the greatest tragic writers in the history of British literature. Although he experiences many changes and melancholies in life, he never loses his humorous nature. As a well-known master of tragedy, Hardy is against the charge of pessimism, but the label and image of tragedian remain. As an artist who is serious to his works, he presents the multifaceted reality which is the co-existence of the comic and the tragic. However, in his works, the use of comic devices has been mostly ignored by readers and critics. The comic devices are not the oversights made by author. They are set deliberately to express the co-existence of the comic and the tragic, which reflect Hardy’s broad scope of life. The Return of the Native is Hardy’s first well-known tragic novel, but the comic elements are overshadowed by the tragic story. This thesis aims to analyze the neglected humor, satire and wit used in the novel, with the hope to encourage the readers to appreciate these comic devices and understand Hardy’s thought about life.