深圳市南山区社区居民高血压患病状况及危险因素分析

Analysis of Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension in Community Residents of Nanshan District, Shenzhen

摘要: 目的：了解深圳市南山区2016~2018年社区居民高血压的患病状况及其危险因素，结合该地区人口构成和生活方式的特殊性，有针对性地制定社区高血压的防治策略。方法：分析资料来源于2016~2018三年深圳市南山区社区体检数据资料，以比较不同特征人群高血压患病率。用多元Logistic回归综合分析高血压危险因素，用OR值表明不同因素影响程度。所有统计分析都是在SPSS 22.0统计软件中完成。结果：深圳市南山区参与体检居民高血压患病率为37.5%，高于广东省水平且稍高于全国水平。男性高血压患病率为38.9%，女性为36.5%，男性患病率高于女性(χ² = 103.258, P < 0.001)；不同年龄组人群高血压患病率不同(χ² = 13,697.071, P < 0.001)，高血压患病率随着年龄的增长而升高(趋势χ² = 13,296.238, P < 0.001)；不同体型人群高血压患病率不同(χ² = 2487.425, P < 0.001)，高血压患病率随着BMI的升高而升高(趋势χ² = 2451.140, P < 0.001)；不同血糖水平人群高血压患病率不同(χ² = 1349.515, P < 0.001)，高血压患病率随着血糖水平的升高而升高(趋势χ² = 1328.383, P < 0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，性别、年龄 ≥ 50岁、超重、肥胖、糖尿病是高血压的危险因素。结论：2016~2018年深圳市南山区18岁以上居民高血压患病率较高。性别、年龄 ≥ 50岁、超重、肥胖、糖尿病是高血压的危险因素。应结合该地区人群特点的特殊性有针对性地制定防治策略。

Abstract: Objective: Understand the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among community residents in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City from 2016 to 2018, and combine the specificity of population composition and lifestyle in the region to develop a strategy for prevention and treatment of hypertension in the community. Methods: The analysis data were derived from the physical examination data of the Nanshan District community in Shenzhen in 2016-2018 to compare the prevalence of hypertension among different characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was used to comprehensively analyze the risk factors of hypertension, and the OR value was used to indicate the degree of influence of different factors. All statistical analysis was done in SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in the residents of Nanshan District of Shenzhen City was 37.5%, higher than the level in Guangdong Province and slightly higher than the national. The prevalence of hypertension in males was 38.9%, and that in females was 36.5%. The prevalence of males was higher than that of females (χ² = 103.258, P < 0.001). The prevalence of hypertension in different age groups was different (χ² = 13,697.071, P < 0.001). The prevalence of hypertension increased with age (trend χ² = 13,296.238, P < 0.001); the prevalence of hypertension was different in different body types (χ2 = 2487.425, P < 0.001), the prevalence of hypertension Increased with BMI (trend χ² = 2451.140, P < 0.001); the prevalence of hypertension was different in people with different blood glucose levels (χ² = 1349.515, P < 0.001), and the prevalence of hypertension along with blood glucose levels Increased and increased (trend χ² = 1328.383, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age ≥ 50 years, overweight, obesity, and diabetes were risk factors for hypertension. Conclusion: In 2016-2018, the prevalence of hypertension in residents aged 18 and over in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City was higher. Gender, age ≥ 50 years old, overweight, obesity, and diabetes are risk factors for hypertension. The prevention and control strategy should be formulated in a targeted manner in accordance with the particular characteristics of the population in the region.