一种新型护岸造礁系统的降碳效果研究

Effect of Carbon Reduction of a New Type of Coral Building System and Beach Protection

摘要: 本文提出一种新型护岸造礁系统，它通过电沉积作用促进人工珊瑚礁快速生成，从而将大气和海水中过量的碳进行永久或半永久性固定，最终实现降碳的目标。与普通电沉积法相比，该系统新增消浪集流子系统和发电蓄电子系统，显著提高其降碳效率和环保性能。室内水池试验结果表明该系统降碳效果明显：工作170小时之后海水中二氧化碳含量降低88%~90%，水面上方大气中二氧化碳含量降低81%~89%；与同条件下无消浪集流子系统的普通电沉积法相比，该系统在造礁过程中对水体和水面上方大气中二氧化碳的吸收率分别是后者的1.52~1.55倍和4.24~5.1倍。这主要是因为其消浪集流子系统在破波的同时将大气中的二氧化碳大量卷入海水，促进了人工珊瑚礁的快速合成。此外，其发电蓄电子系统避免了因引入外部电流而带来的新的环境污染问题。鉴于以上优点，该造礁系统具有在广大海岸地区推广运用的价值和前景。

Abstract: A new type of coral reef building system and beach protection aimed with carbon reduction was proposed. This new system promotes the fast generation of artificial stony carol reef by electro-deposit effect, thereby sequestrating the overloaded carbon in the atmosphere and the seawater permanently or semi-permanently. Compared with the usually used electrodeposit method, this new system adds two sets of equipment: the first set is for wave attenuation and water current collection; the second set is for power generation and storage. These two sets of equipment improve the efficiency of carbon reduction and the environmental performance significantly. The results of experiments conducted in the laboratory pool show the newly proposed coral building system has significant effect on carbon reduction. After 170 h work of this system, the content of carbon dioxide decreased by 88% - 90% and 81% - 89% in the seawater and atmosphere, respectively. Compared with the usually used electrodeposit method without the equipment of wave attenuation and water current collection, this newly proposed coral building system has higher efficiency in absorption of carbon dioxide: the former is 1.52 - 1.55 and 4.24 - 5.1 of the latter in the seawater and atmosphere, respectively. The main reason for this higher efficiency is that more carbon dioxide is involved into seawater when the wave is broken by the equipment of wave attenuation and water current collection, which promotes the synthesis of artificial coral reef. In addition, the equipment of power generation and storage avoids the possible environment pollution caused by external electric current. In view of these advantages, the newly proposed coral reef building system has huge prosperity in the application in coastal areas.