基于人工磁导体(AMC)的微带天线RCS减缩方法研究

Research on RCS Reduction Method of Microstrip Antenna Based on Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC)

摘要: 针对天线雷达截面减缩问题，本文利用N = 7的圆环和方环AMC块进行3 × 3的棋盘式组合，设计出了在宽频带范围内RCS减缩达−10 dB以上的RCS反射屏。又以普通RCS减缩外形技术处理后的微带天线作为参考天线，加载设计出RCS反射屏，使RCS减缩量在多散射方向和更宽频带内实现RCS减缩到达−10 dB的效果。为优化RCS减缩效果，该文进一步提出一种基于人工磁导体(AMC)的微带天线RCS减缩方法。论文将设计出的棋盘式AMC加载在微带天线上，使得在平面波垂直照射下，微带天线RCS减缩在相对很宽频带内，且RCS减缩量获得了很大的提升，普遍在−10 dB~−30 dB，而且微带天线工作带宽拓宽为2.39~2.58 GHz，带宽为190 MHz，只经过普通外形技术处理的相对参考天线工作频带2.42~2.5 GHz，带宽为80 MHz，两者相比，加载AMC结构后微带天线带宽增加了237.5%。微带天线在2~14 GHz频段范围内(带内和带外)均可实现RCS减缩效果，且天线增益略有增加。

Abstract: For the problem of antenna radar cross-section reduction, this paper uses N = 7 ring and square ring AMC block to carry out 3 × 3 checkerboard combination, and designs an RCS reflection screen with RCS reduction of more than −10 dB in a wide frequency range. The microstrip antenna pro-cessed by the common RCS reduction profile technology is used as a reference antenna, and the RCS reflection screen is loaded to make the RCS reduction and the RCS reduction to reach −10 dB in the multi-scattering direction and the wider frequency band. In order to optimize the RCS reduction effect, based on this, a new method based on artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) for microstrip antenna RCS reduction is proposed. The paper designs the checkerboard AMC on the microstrip antenna, so that under the vertical illumination of the plane wave, the RCS of the microstrip antenna shrinks in a relatively wide frequency band; the RCS reduction is greatly improved, generally at −10 dB~−30 dB; the operating bandwidth of the microstrip antenna is widened to 2.39~2.58 GHz, and the bandwidth is 190 MHz; the relative reference antenna operating band processed by the ordinary form factor technology is 2.42~2.5 GHz, and the bandwidth is 80 MHz. The bandwidth of the microstrip antenna after the AMC structure is increased by 237.5%. The microstrip antenna can achieve RCS reduction in the 2~14 GHz band (in-band and out-of-band) with a slight increase in antenna gain.