自信负面经历的内容和特征分析

The Content and Feature Analysis of Negative Experience about Self-Confidence

摘要: 记忆是自我建构的基础之一，对于自信的形成和表现都有深刻影响。本文旨在对自信负面经历的内容和特征进行分析，初步探究自传体记忆与自信的关系。研究一对138名大学生的自信负面经历进行内容领域划分和叙述特征分析，研究二从个人意义建构角度对深度访谈获得的自信负面经历进行个案性探究。结果表明，自信负面经历的内容主要包含能力、人际和身体三大领域，其中占比重最大为能力，影响程度最大的是人际，影响持续时间最长的是身体；影响自信的负面经历多以抽象形式叙述，但是其影响程度和持续时间与叙述形式无关。

Abstract: Memory is one of the foundations of self-construction and has great influence on the formation and performance of self-confidence. The current study aimed to initially investigate the relation-ship between autobiographical memory and self-confidence. In study 1, 138 participants com-pleted the open-ended questionnaire. In study 2 we adopted the depth interview to further the study 1. The results suggested that negative experience mainly consists of ability, interpersonal relationship, and body domains. The ability domain constituted the largest proportion of negative experience. The interpersonal relationship domain had strongest influence on self-confidence. The body domain had the most enduring impact on self-confidence. Most negative self-confidence experience was presented by abstract narrations, but the form of narration was unrelated with the extent and duration of its impact on self-confidence.