大学生依恋类型、社会支持与手机依赖的关系研究

The Association between Attachment Type, Mobile Phone Dependence, and Social Support among College Students

摘要: 为探究成人依恋类型、社会支持与手机依赖现象的内在关系，旨在为预防大学生形成手机依赖提供一定理论上的依据。本研究采用手机成瘾倾向调查问卷、社会支持评定量表和成人亲密关系经历量表(ECR)对随机抽取的418名大学生进行施测，结果表明：1) 手机依赖得分在年级上有显著差异，表现在大四学生的手机依赖得分显著高于其他三个年级；除此以外，手机依赖与性别，父母婚姻状况，是否有恋爱经历无关。2) 在依照ECR量表得出的四种依恋类型中，惧怕型及专注型依恋的手机依赖得分及其各因子得分上均显著高于安全型和冷漠型。3) 依恋的焦虑维度与手机依赖显著正相关(r = 0.45, p < 0.01)，客观支持对个体手机依赖有显著负相关(r = −0.17, p < 0.01)；依恋的焦虑分量表对手机依赖有显著的正向预测作用，客观支持对手机依赖有显著的负向预测作用。这提示了，大四学生的手机依赖程度显著高于其他年级；惧怕型及专注型依恋的个体似乎更容易对手机产生依赖；大学生手机依赖的程度与依恋焦虑相关，而加强个体的社会支持对于预防并改善手机依赖现象有帮助。

Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between adult attachment type, social support and mobile phone dependence, the aim is to provide a theoretical basis for preventing college students from forming mobile phone dependence. This study used mobile phone addiction tendency scale, social support rating scale and adult intimate relationship experience scale (ECR) to test 418 college students who were randomly selected. The results showed that: 1) mobile phone dependence scores were significantly different in grades. In the case of seniors, the mobile phone dependence score is significantly higher than the other three grades; in addition, mobile phone dependence has nothing to do with gender, parental marital status, or whether there is a love experience. 2) Among the four attachment types derived from the ECR scale, the scores of mobile phone dependence and the scores of each factor of fear and focus attachment are significantly higher than those of safety and indifference. 3) The anxiety component of attachment has a significant positive predictive effect on mobile phone dependence, and objective support has a significant negative predictive effect on mobile phone dependence. This suggests that the fourth-year students’ mobile phone dependence is significantly higher than other grades; the fear and focus attachment individuals seem to be more likely to rely on mobile phones; the degree of college students’ mobile phone dependence is related to attachment anxiety, and it is helpful to prevent and improve mobile phone dependence if the individual’s social support is strengthened.