虚拟货币法律规制比较研究——以日、美、俄对比特币的规制为基础

Comparative Study on the Legal Regulation of Virtual Currencies—Based on the Regulations of Bitcoin in Japan, America and Russia

摘要: 虚拟货币自问世以来因其去中心化、匿名化的特点广受追捧，但同时也因缺乏中央化的监管，容易出现价格大幅波动，被用于非法融资、逃避外汇管制、洗钱等违法犯罪活动。多国从监管和鼓励创新的双重目的出发，制定了不同的监管措施，可为我国下一阶段虚拟货币立法提供启示与借鉴。同时由于虚拟货币跨境流动的特点，国际监管措施必不可少，但目前建立国际监管制度障碍尚多。我国应充分关注国际监管的可能动向，健全监管制度，参与到全球性虚拟货币发展之中。

Abstract: ISince the advent of virtual currency, it has been widely welcomed because of its decentralization and anonymization. Meanwhile, due to the lack of centralized supervision, it is prone to price fluctuation and to be used for criminal activities such as illegal financing, evading foreign exchange control, money laundering. Many countries have formulated different regulatory measures based on the dual purposes of supervision and encouraging innovation, which can provide enlightenment and reference for China’s legislation of virtual currency in the next stage. Also because cross-border movement characterizes virtual currency, International regulatory measures are indispensable, but there are still many obstacles to establish an International regulatory system at this stage. China should pay full attention to the possible trends of international supervision, improve the regulatory system, and participate in the global virtual currency development.