机械制造技术基础课程中大型零件的群机加工模式探索

Exploration on Group Machining Mode of Large Parts in the Basic Course of Mechanical Manufacturing Technology

摘要: 机械制造业是制造业中的重要组成部分，机械制造类课程中主要对产品的常规制造技术与方法进行介绍，对特殊产品的制造过程涉及较少，基于以上原因，本文对大型零件的加工制造模式进行探索。文中首先对大型零件加工的特点及存在的问题进行系统分析；其次，从零件的成型机理角度对机械制造中常规的加工方法进行介绍，并对涉及的关键技术问题进行讨论；最后，对大型零件的加工设备普通大型机床、混联大型机床及大型专用机床的进行了详细分析，针对大型零件的加工特征，提出了群机加工模式的思考，并对该模式涉及的关键技术，即群机协同控制技术、绿色制造工艺规划技术、智能化技术以及数字孪生技术进行了说明。通过本文介绍激发学生对特殊零件加工思考，培养学生的制造方法创新性思维。

Abstract: Mechanical manufacturing industry is an important part of manufacturing industry. Conventional manufacturing techniques and methods of products are usually introduced in the course of mechanical manufacturing, and the manufacturing process of special products is less involved. Based on the above reasons, this paper explores the manufacturing mode of large parts. In this paper, firstly, the characteristics and problems for the manufacturing of the large-scale parts are analyzed systematically. Secondly, the conventional manufacturing methods in mechanical manufacturing are introduced from the perspective of the forming mechanism of parts, and the key technical is-sues involved are discussed. Finally, the processing equipment of large parts, such as general large machine tools, hybrid large machine tools and large special machine tools, are analyzed in detail, and the processing mode of group machinery is put forward in which the key technologies, such as group machine cooperative control technology, green manufacturing process planning technology, intelligent technology and digital twin technology, are explained. Students’ thinking on special parts processing and cultivate students’ innovative thinking on manufacturing methods are stimulated.