男女发声的空气动力学差异研究

Vocal Aerodynamics Modeling Based on Male and Female Difference

摘要: 为了探究男女发声时声带结构差异对声带两侧受力及流场的影响，运用声带振动机制和空气动力学理论，建立声带的空气动力学仿真模型，并对模型设置2种典型的声门倾角(0˚、20˚)，将男女发声时的空气动力学参量进行对比研究。实验结果表明，在声带受力方面，女性声带表面压力值通常比男性高，但其压力极低值低于男性；在声门流场变化方面，女性声门内表现出的气流量值均低于男性，在相同的发声条件情况下，男性声带相较于女性更容易产生振动。可知，男女发声存在着明显差异，这对嗓音疾病的分性别诊疗提供可靠理论依据。

Abstract: In order to investigate the distribution of pressure field in the both sides of the vocal cord and the influence of flow field with different vocal cord structure between males and females, vocal cords of aerodynamic simulation model were established by using the theory of vocal cord vibration mechanism and aerodynamics. The two kinds of typical glottis Angle (0˚, 20˚) were set up in the model respectively, explored the differences of key aerodynamics parameter. The experimental results show that the pressure on the surface of the female vocal cord was higher than that of the male, but has the lowest pressure in the aspect of vocal cord stress. In terms of glottic flow field changes, the airflow in female glottis is lower than that in male vocal cords. Under the same vocal condition, male vocal cords are more prone to vibration than female vocal cords. It can be seen that the male and female have differences in the phonation, which helps to provide a reliable theoretical basis for the gender-based diagnosis.