不同曝气强度对人工湿地污染物的去除效果

Effect of Different Aeration Intensity on Removal of Pollutants in Constructed Wetlands

摘要: 人工湿地作为一种生态型污水处理技术，因其具有的能耗低、处理效果好，运行费用低廉及管理容易等特点使其在国内外都得到了较快的发展。然而，工程实践证明，人工湿地堵塞现象广泛地存在于大多数实际运行的湿地系统中，并成为制约进一步提高污染物处理效率及缩短其运行寿命的重要因素。因此，本论文通过采用基质内人工曝气方式抑制人工湿地堵塞，考察了不同曝气强度下污染物去除效率的变化，得到以下实验结果：人工曝气在有效控制堵塞现象的同时，对进水主要污染物的处理效率的提高亦有积极地促进作用。其对氮素的去除作用尤为明显，各曝气组反应器的NH₄⁺-N/TN去除率分别提升了24%/31% (低曝气组)、107%/103% (中曝气组)及110%/99% (高曝气组)。而COD及TP去除效果因其脱除途径的制约而并不显著。

Abstract: As an ecological sewage treatment technology, constructed wetland has developed rapidly at home and abroad due to its characteristics of low energy consumption, good treatment effect, low operation cost and easy management. However, engineering practice has proved that the phe-nomenon of artificial wetland blockage is widely existed in most actual wetland systems, and has become an important factor restricting the further improvement of pollutant treatment efficiency and shortening of its operating life. Therefore, this paper by means of matrix in artificial aeration way to suppress the artificial wetland blockage and pollutants removal efficiency under different aeration intensity change, get the following results: artificial aeration in effective control of blocking phenomenon at the same time, for the handling of major pollutants discharged into water also plays a positive role in promoting the efficiency. Its removal effect on nitrogen is particularly obvious, and the removal rate of NH₄⁺-N/TN in each aeration group reactor increased by 24%/31% (low aeration group), 107%/103% (medium aeration group) and 110%/99% (high aeration group), respectively. However, the removal effect of COD and TP was not significant because of the restriction of their removal pathways.