扦插条件对“贵安尚菊”几种有效成分含量及食用性的影响

Effects of Cutting Conditions on the Content of Several Main Active Components and Edible Property of “Gui’anshang Chrysanthemum”

摘要: 以江西“晓起皇菊”成功引种到贵州的“贵安尚菊”为材料，研究扦插时间、插穗类型、花朵类型对“贵安尚菊”总黄酮、花青素、维生素c、总多糖、粗脂肪等几种主要有效成分含量及其食用性的影响。结果表明：4月扦插的“贵安尚菊”顶花的几种主要有效成分含量高于3月和5月的，且扦插时间和花朵类型对“贵安尚菊”几种主要有效成分含量及食用性的影响达极显著水平(PA, PC < 0.001)；插穗类型与扦插时间、花朵类型存在互作效应；维生素c含量不受扦插时间、插穗类型、花朵类型的影响。“贵安尚菊”最适扦插时间及插穗是4月去除顶端的幼茎段，在此扦插条件下的顶花具有最佳食用性。

Abstract: Taking Jiangxi’s “Daisy chrysanthemum” which was successfully introduced to Guizhou and named “Guianshang chrysanthemum” as research materials, the effects of cutting time, cutting type and flower type on the contents of main active ingredients, anthocyanins, vitamin C, total polysaccharides and crude fat of “Guianshang chrysanthemum” were studied. The results showed that the contents of several main active ingredients in the apical flower of “Guianshang chrysanthemum” cut in April were higher than those in March and May, and the effects of cutting time and flower type on the contents and edibility of the main active ingredients in “Guianshang chrysanthemum” reached a very significant level (PA, PC < 0.001). There was interaction between cutting time and cuttings, flower types; the content of vitamin C was not affected by cuttings time and cuttings, flower types. The best cutting time and cutting ear of “Guianshang chrysanthemum” are to remove the young stem segment at the top in April, and the top flower has the best edible quality under this cutting condition.