杭锦旗地区多信息约束下激发井深设计

Design of Shot Depth with Multiple Information Constraints in Hangjinqi Area

摘要: 激发效果良好是沙漠草原区地震勘探获得高品质资料的重要条件之一，由于低降速带厚度和速度变化剧烈，导致有利激发层的埋深不稳定。低测资料可以获得施工点的近地表分层速度和厚度，但由于控制点分布有限及表层调查方法的局限性，难以保证控制点之外的激发位置设计在有利激发层内。本文提出了一种多信息约束下激发井深设计方法，先由多信息约束确定近地表速度模型，然后依据试验论证参数确定地表类型区域对应的激发层速度，进而依据设计炮点坐标获得各炮点的最佳激发井深。该方法较好地解决了内插精度不足和地形起伏变化等因素对激发井深设计的影响，改善地震激发条件，提高地震资料品质。

Abstract: Good explosion effect is one of the important conditions for obtaining high-quality seismic data in desert-grassland area. Because of the thickness and velocity change dramatically in the low-velocity zone, the burial depth of the favorable excitation layer is unstable. The velocity and thickness of near-surface stratification can be obtained from near-surface data, but due to the limited distribution of control points and the limitation of surface survey methods, it is difficult to ensure that the location outside the control points is designed in the favorable excitation layer. In this paper, a design method of shot depth under multi-information constraints is proposed. The near-surface velocity model is determined by multi-information constraints, then the excitation layer velocity of surface area is determined according to the parameters of experimental, and then the optimum shot depth of each point is obtained according to the coordinates of the design shot points. This method can better solve the influence of the inadequate of interpolation accuracy and topographic to the design of shot depth, and improve the condition of seismic and the quality of data.