近58年来哈密气候变化特征分析

Analysis of Characteristics of Climate Change in Hami in Recent 58 Years

摘要: 本文利用趋势分析法及变差系数法等分析方法，研究了1961~2018年哈密市气温、降水量及日照时数的年际、年代际、季节变化特征，得到以下结论：近58a来哈密市年平均气温呈北低南高的空间分布特征，年及四季平均气温均呈上升趋势，山南区域年及各季平均气温的年代际差异较明显；年降水量北多南少，呈显著增加趋势，21世纪为多雨期，60年代为少雨期，四季降水量变化趋势均较年平均降水量增加幅度偏小，山南区域降水量的年际变化明显大于山北区域；日照时数的空间分布呈现南多北少的特征，山南区域年及四季日照时数均呈弱的增加趋势，山北呈弱的减少趋势。

Abstract: Based on the trend analysis methods and coefficient of variation methods, the interdecadal, in-terannual and seasonal variations of temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration from 1961 to 2018 were studied. In the past 58 years, the spatial characteristics of the annual mean temperature showed that the temperature in the north was lower than that in the south of Hami city. The annual mean temperature and seasonal mean temperature all increased. The interdecadal differ-ence of annual and seasonal mean temperature in the south of Tianshan Mountain is obvious. The annual mean precipitation of the north area was larger than that of the south area, which showed a trend of increased significantly. There was a pluvial period in the 21st century and a rare rain period in the 1960s. The changing trend of seasonal precipitation is less than annual mean precipitation. The interannual variation of precipitation in the southern region of Tianshan Mountain is obviously larger than that in the northern region. The spatial characteristics of the sunshine duration showed it in the north was lower than that in the south. The annual mean sunshine duration and seasonal sunshine duration showed a weak increased trend in the southern region, which decreased weakly in the northern region.