用测井曲线计算地应力的方法

Calculating Stress Method with Well-Logging Data

摘要: 由于煤矿开采地区存在着地应力，在整个地质作业过程中，从煤矿的钻孔到煤层巷道施工，都存在着应力失稳安全问题。为了预防岩爆、坍塌等地质灾害的发生，必须提前确定作业区地应力的大小和方向。目前，在地质矿产开发中地应力的测量方法比较多，但是用测井资料计算地应力有相对比较快速的特点，而且误差比较小。本文以纵波、横波、密度、自然伽马等测井资料为依据，计算地层的杨氏模量、剪切模量、最大主应力、最小主应力，确定钻探安全泥浆窗口；用带有方位的井径资料确定地应力方向，为钻探施工和采煤作业提供有效的地应力预警资料，以防止灾害的发生。

Abstract: Because stress exists everywhere in the entire coal mine colliery areas, safety questions caused by stress de-balance will be faced from drilling hole to roadway mining. For preventing geological disasters such as rockburst and collapse, pre-determining stress value and stress direction is ne-cessary and significant in work zones. There are many methods for measuring the stress field. While compared with them, the method with well-logging curves can work quickly and accurately. In this paper we first introduce how to calculate Young and shear modulus and the maximum and minimum stress with the P- and S-wave velocities, density and gamma curves from logging data, and then propose the mud window for safety well-drilling. Finally we determine the direction of stress with azimuthal caliper curve.