高中生择业自我效能感：个体和环境变量的预测作用

High School Students’ Sense of Self-Efficacy in Career Selection: The Predictive Effect of Individual and Environmental Variables

摘要: 本研究采用问卷调查法对高中生择业自我效能进行人口学变量分析和多元逐步回归分析。结果发现学生择业自我效能感在是否担任学生干部、有无实践经历、是否接受过生涯辅导、是否为独生子女等方面存在显著差异；个体变量作为预测变量时，主动性、成就型自我同一性、延缓型自我同一性和情绪智力可预测择业自我效能感59.3%的变异量；环境变量作为预测变量时，社会支持、社会适应行为、父亲情感温暖因素、父亲严厉惩罚和生活事件联合预测择业自我效能28.2%的变异量；个体和环境变量同时作为预测变量时，主动性、弥漫型自我同一性和成就型自我同一性可联合预测择业自我效能58.9%的变异量。最后根据本研究结果，提出教育建议。

Abstract: In this study, a questionnaire survey was used to analyze the demographic variables and multiple stepwise regression analysis of high school students’ career choice self-efficacy. The results showed that students’ self-efficacy in career selection had significant differences in whether they were student cadres, whether they had practical experience, whether they had received career guidance, whether they were only children, etc.; when individual variables were used as predictors, 59.3% of the variance of initiative, achievement self-identity, delayed self-identity and emotional intelligence could predict career selection self-efficacy; when environmental variables are used as predictive variables, social support, social adaptive behavior, father’s emotional warmth, father’s severe punishment and life events were used as predictors, 28.2% of the variance of career choice self-efficacy was predicted; when individual and environment variables were used as predictors, 58.9% of the variance of career choice self-efficacy was predicted by initiative, diffuse self-identity and achievement self-identity. Finally, based on the results of empirical research, educational suggestions are put forward.